Additions to access points representing musical works (RDA 6.28.1.9-6.28.1.11)

Music Cataloging at YalePreferred titles

See also Access points representing musical works (RDA 6.28.1.1-6.28.1.8)
Authorized access point representing a part or parts of a musical work (RDA 6.28.2)
Access points representing musical expressions (RDA 6.28.3)

These instructions cover additions to access points representing:
     ° musical works with titles that are not distinctive
     ° musical works with distinctive titles
     ° compilations of musical works
(6.28.1.9) Titles that are not distinctive
For a musical work with a preferred title that consists solely of the name of a type of composition, or of two or more types, of composition, make one or more of the following elements, in this order:
     ° the medium of performance (6.28.1.9.1),
     ° a numeric designation (6.28.1.9.2),
     ° a key (6.28.1.9.3)
_________________________________________
Medium of performance:
Add the medium of performance (see 6.15) as applicable, in this order:
     a) voices
     b) keyboard instrument if there is more than one non-keyboard instrument
     c) the other instruments in score order
     d) continuo.

For a work for solo instrument or instruments and accompanying ensemble, add the terms for the solo instrument or instruments followed by the term for the accompanying ensemble

Exceptions:
a) Omit the medium of performance when one or more of the following conditions apply:
     ° i) the medium is implied by the title:

Title: Implied medium:
choral prelude organ
mass voices, with or without accompaniment
overture orchestra
song, Lieder solo voice or voices with accompaniment for keyboard stringed instrument
     ° if in a "popular" idiom, solo voice or voices with instrumental and/or vocal accompaniment
symphony orchestra

          » add the medium when it is not implied by the title
     ° ii) the work consists of a set of compositions for different media, or is one of a series of sets of compositions with the same title but for different media
          » Barrière, Jean, ‡d 1707-1747. ‡t Sonatas, ‡n book 1 [for cello and continuo]
          » Barrière, Jean, ‡d 1707-1747. ‡t Sonatas, ‡n book 6 [for harpsichord]
     ° iii) the medium was not indicated by the composer
     ° iv) the medium of performance cannot be recorded succinctly and other elements are more useful for identifying the work (e.g., thematic index number or opus number)

b) If there is more than one part for a particular instrument or voice, add the number of parts:
     Duets, ‡m violins (2)
     Quartets, ‡m violin, violas (2), cello
     Septet, ‡m piano, flutes (2), violins (2), viola, cello
     Septet, ‡m piano, violins (3), viola, cellos (2)

c) Do not add the number of players for percussion:
     Concertinos, ‡m piano, saxophones (4), harp, percussion, string orchestra
          The percussion parts require 4 performers
     Serenade, ‡m piano, flute, percussion, violin, cello, double bass
          The percussion parts require 2 performers
     Divertimento, ‡m trumpets (6), horns (2), trombones (3), tuba, percussion
          The percussion parts require 3 performers

d) Omit the designation of the key in which an instrument is pitched or terms indicating a range
e) Omit alternative or doubling instruments.
f) For an accompanying ensemble with one performer to a part, record the appropriate term for the ensemble (see 6.15.1.6) rather than the individual instruments.
g) Omit solo voices if the medium includes a chorus.

Best practices for music cataloging: Follow LC-PCC PS: Interpret "one or more of the following" to mean "all of the following that are applicable and readily ascertainable."
_________________________________________
Numeric designation:

In some cases, thematic index numbers are to be preferred to opus numbers. Consult Thematic indexes used in the Library of Congress/NACO authority file.
     ° For a quick list, see Work numbers for composers.

LC-PCC PS: Serial number:
Record a serial number if works with the same title and the same medium of performance are consecutively numbered in music reference sources.
Record serial number if works with the same title for different media are consecutively numbered in music reference sources if the medium of performance is omitted from the authorized access point per 6.28.1.9.1 exception a) ii)

When recording a serial number that is accompanied in the source by a term such as "number," "book," "collection," etc., apply the following:

If the term is the English word "number" or its abbreviation, or an equivalent word or abbreviation in another language: precede the number in the preferred title by the English abbreviation "no."
If the term is a non-English term not meaning "number" and the preferred title is in English: substitute the English equivalent of the term and use an English abbreviation if the non-English term is abbreviated, or the full form of the term if the non-English form is fully spelled out.
In all other cases: give the term as it appears in the source.
If no term appears with the number: give the number as a cardinal number and precede it by the English abbreviation "no."
     ° Use Arabic numerals.
     ° Ordinal numerals:
          » English: use the form 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
          » languages other than English, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean: use the form 1., 2., 3., etc.
(6.28.1.9.1) Additions for access points when medium of performance, etc. is insufficient, or not available
When the medium of performance, numeric designation, and key are not sufficient, or are not available, to distinguish between titles that are not distinctive, add one of the following elements (in this order of preference):
     ° the year of completion of composition (6.4)
     ° the year of original publication (6.4)
     ° any other identifying element, such as place of composition (6.5), or the name of the first publisher (6.6)

Examples:

Year of completion of composition:
n 2013023708 Gorton, David, ‡d 1978- ‡t Sonatas, ‡m cello ‡n (2005)
no 98040650 Heise, Peter, ‡d 1830-1879. ‡t Sonatas, ‡m cello, piano, ‡r A minor (1867)
no2013046123 Berwald, Franz, ‡d 1796-1868. ‡t Trios, ‡m ... ‡r C major ‡n (1845)
no2013046125 Berwald, Franz, ‡d 1796-1868. ‡t Trios, ‡m ... , ‡r E♭ major ‡n (1849a)
no2013046124 Berwald, Franz, ‡d 1796-1868. ‡t Trios, ‡m ... , ‡r C major ‡n (approximately 1850)

Name of the first publisher:
no2011039148 Devienne, François, ‡d 1759-1803. ‡t Trios, ‡m flute, violin, cello (Gaveaux)
no 00065690 Devienne, François, ‡d 1759-1803. ‡t Trios, ‡m flute, violin, cello (Imbault)

no 98040609 Gyrowetz, Adalbert, ‡d 1763-1850. ‡t Divertimenti, ‡m piano, flute, cello, ‡n op. 50 (André), ‡r A major
n 85337308 Boccherini, Luigi, ‡d 1743-1805. ‡t Sonatas, ‡m cello, continuo, ‡r A major (Zanibon)
n 84039977 Danzi, Franz, ‡d 1763-1826. ‡t Duets, ‡m viola, cello, ‡n op. 9 (Schott)

Manuscript repository and number:
n 2013017841 Graziani, Carlo, ‡d -1787. ‡t Sonatas, ‡m cello, continuo, ‡r D major (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preussischer Kulturbesitz: M1942)

Number within Gordon Dodd's Thematic index of music for viols:
no2010145153 Ferrabosco, Alfonso, ‡d approximately 1575-1628. ‡t Almans, ‡m viols (5) (VdGS no. 1)

Examples of the application of 6.28.1.9
The term "cello" is used, not "violoncello" as per 6.15.1.6
Duet, ‡m cellos (2)
Sonatina, ‡m cellos (2)
Quartets, ‡m cellos (4)
Suites, ‡m cellos (4)
Sextet, ‡m piano, violin, violas (2), cello, double bass

The number is instruments/elements included in the medium of performance is no longer limited to three, as in AACR2 25.30B1
Sextet, ‡m oboe, clarinet, bassoon, violin, viola, cello
Fantasia, ‡m horns (4), trumpets (3), trombones (3), tuba, timpani
Serenades, ‡m oboes (2), clarinets (2), bassoons (2), contrabassoon, horns (3), cello, double bass
Octet, ‡m celesta, flute, clarinet, percussion, violin, viola, cello, double bass
Septet, ‡m clarinet, bassoon, horn, violin, viola, cello, double bass
Nonet, ‡m flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon, violin, viola, cello, double bass

Indicating number of instruments:
Octet, ‡m clarinet, bassoon, horn, violins (2), viola, cello, double bass
Octet, ‡m clarinet, bassoon, percussion, violin, viola, cello, double bass
     There are two parts for percussion; the number of percussion parts is not indicated.
Serenade, ‡m clarinet, bassoon, horn, violins (2), viola, cello, double bass
Sextet, ‡m trumpets (3), horn, trombones (2)
Septet, ‡m trumpets (3), horn, trombones (2), tuba
Allegros, ‡m violins (2), violas (2), cello, double bass
Pieces, ‡m flute, harp, violins (2), viola, cello
Serenades, ‡m oboes (2), clarinets (2), bassoons (2), contrabassoon, horns (3), cello, double bass
Concertos, ‡m horns (4), trumpets (3), trombones (3), tuba, orchestra

Score order:
Nocturne, ‡m piano, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, percussion
     ° note that score order in the resource puts percussion following the strings
Octet, ‡m violin, viola, cello, flute, clarinet, bassoon, horns (2)
     ° note that score order in the resource places the strings before the winds
Octet, ‡m clarinet, bassoon, horn, violins (2), viola, cello, double bass
Octet, ‡m clarinet, horn, bassoon, violins (2), viola, cello, double bass
     ° note that score order is not set; in these two octets, the bassoon is above the horn in the score in the first, but follows the horn in the second

Accompanied vocal works:
Songs
     The implied medium of performance for the preferred title "Song" is a single voice and piano accompaniment. A statement of medium of performance is included only when the medium of performance or accompaniment is other than a single voice or piano accompaniment.
Songs, ‡m piano, violin, cello accompaniment
Songs, ‡m violins (2), viola, cello accompaniment
Songs, ‡m flute, viola, cello accompaniment
Songs, ‡m viols (4) accompaniment
Lieder, ‡m orchestra accompaniment

Unaccompanied vocal works:
Responses, ‡m mixed voices, unaccompanied
Vocalises, unaccompanied

(6.28.1.10) Distinctive titles
Make additions to access points if needed to distinguish the access point from one that is the same or similar but represents a different work or represents a person, family, corporate body, or place. Add one of the following elements, using the same type of addition for each of the access points for different musical works with identical titles, in this order:
     ° the medium of performance (6.15),
     ° another distinguishing characteristic of the work (6.6)

(6.28.1.11) Additions to resolve conflict:
If the additions above are insufficient to resolve a conflict, add one or more of the following:
     ° a numeric designation (6.16),
     ° a key (6.17)
     ° the year of completion of composition (6.4)
     ° the year of original publication (6.4)
       and/or
     ° any other identifying element, such as place of composition (6.5), or the name of the first publisher (6.6).

(6.28.1.11) Compilations of musical works
For a compilation containing works of one type, add the medium of performance to the access point, unless the medium is obvious or the works are for various media.