♪ Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: These instructions apply to recording information for title and contents notes in bibliographic records and 670 field [35] in authority records. They do not apply to authorized access points for music.
See also The names of keys in French, German, Italian, and Spanish [6]
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The LC Music Division's Bibliographic Access Section's policy regarding transcription and recording of statements of key that are in German:
Source: e-mail on NMP-L from Damian Iseminger, Head, Bibliographic Access Section, Music Division, Library of Congress, dated 10/11/2018
1This policy is based on a 1977 LC memo stating that, regardless of how a word appears on the publication, for German capitalization, follow Duden Rechtschreibung der deutschen Sprache und der Fremdwörter (Mannheim : Bibliographisches Institut, c1986) It is unknown if LC is applying this policy in RDA
2D in dur is not capitalized here because it is not in German.
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See also The names of numbers in French, German, Italian, and Spanish [3]
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Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
compiled by Diane Napert
revised with terminology from
the Symphony Orchestra Library Center's Glossary of German publishing terminology [36]
Note: The terms in this list are defined according to their usage in music publications; other definitions are also possible.
See also German abbreviations from AA to z.Z [37] | Glossary of bibliographic information: German [38]
The names of numbers in German, etc. [3] | The names of keys in German, etc. [6]
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | XYZ
A | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Abdruck | Abdr. | impression, print, reproduction |
Abschrift | Abschr. | reprint, copy |
Abteilung | Abt. | part |
Anhang | Anh. | appendix, supplement |
Anmerkung | Anm. | commentary |
arrangiert | arranged | |
Aufführung(en); Aufführungsdauer | performance(s); performance duration | |
Aufführungspraxis | performance practice | |
Auflage | Aufl. | impression, edition |
Ausgabe | Ausg. | edition |
ausgewählte | selected | |
Autograph | holograph | |
B | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Band | Bd. | volume |
Bearbeiter; bearbeitet; Bearbeitung(en) | Bearb. | arranger; arranged, revised; arrangement(s) |
Beiheft | supplement | |
Beispiel | example | |
Bemerkungen | remarks, annotations, commentary | |
Bericht | report, commentary | |
Besetzung | setting (usually referring to instrumentation) | |
Bibliothek | library | |
Blatt | leaf, page (of book); folio (of manuscript); sheet | |
Buhnenwerke | dramatic works | |
Brief | letter | |
D | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Druck | impression, print | |
Dur | major (key) | |
durchgesehen | revised | |
E | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
eigentlich | eigtl. | introduction |
Einleitung | Einl. | introduction |
Einrichtung | fingering | |
Erhaltene Werke | surviving works | |
erscheinen | to publish | |
Erstausgabe | first edition | |
erweitert | erw. | enlarged |
etwa | approximately | |
F | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Fassung | version | |
Festschrift | publication on the occasion of a celebration | |
Folge | series | |
Fundort Verzeichnis | found/discovered index | |
G | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
geboren | geb. | born |
gedruckt | gedr. | printed |
Gegenwart | present time | |
Generalbass | Gb. | continuo |
Gesamtausgabe | complete works | |
Geschichte | history | |
Gesellschaft | society, association, club | |
gestorben | gest. | died |
getauft | get. | baptized |
H | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Handschrift | manuscript | |
heilig | sacred | |
herausgegeben von | hrsg. von | edited by |
Herausgeber | Hrsg. | editor |
Heft | H. | number, part |
I | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Inhalt | Contents | |
J | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Jahr | volume, annual, year | |
Jahrhundert | Jh. | century |
K | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Katalog | catalog | |
Klavierauszug | piano-vocal score | |
Komponist | composer | |
korrigiert | corrected | |
Kritischer Bericht | critical report or commentary | |
Kunst | art | |
M | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Manuskript | Ms. | manuscript |
Mitarbeiter | collaborator | |
Moll | minor (key) | |
Musikforschung | music research | |
Musikschule | music school | |
Musikwissenschaft | musicology | |
N | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Nachdruck | reprint | |
Nachweise | proof, records | |
Nachwort | afterword | |
Namenszug | signature | |
Neudruck | Neudr. | reprint |
Neue Ausgabe; Neuausagbe | new edition | |
Nummer | Nr. | number |
O | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Opus | op. | opus |
P | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Partitur | Part. | score |
Q | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Quelle | source | |
R | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Redakteur; Redaktion | editor; editing | |
redigiert | edited | |
Register | index | |
Reihe | series | |
revidiert | rev. | revised |
Revisionsbericht | critical commentary | |
S | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Sammlung | Samml. | collection |
Sämtliche Werke | complete works | |
Satz | movement | |
Schrift | writing, book, periodical, etc. | |
Seite | S. | page |
Skizzen | sketches | |
Sprechgesang; Sprechstimme | speech-song | |
Stimmen | instrumental parts; voices | |
T | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Teil | T. | part, volume |
Textbuch | libretto | |
Titelblatt | title page | |
Tonkunst | art music; music | |
U | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Überschrift | heading, title | |
Übersetzung | translation | |
Übertragung(en) | transcription, transcriptions | |
unbekannt | unknown | |
Untergeschoben | attributed falsely | |
Urtext | original text | |
V | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Verfasser | composer, author | |
Verlag; Verlager | publishing house or firm; publisher | |
verlorengegangene | lost | |
veröffentlicht; Veröffentlichung | published; publication | |
Verzeichnis | Verl. | list (usually of works) |
W | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
weltlich | secular | |
Werke(s) | work(s) | |
Widmung | dedication | |
Wissenschaft | science, knowledge | |
XYZ | ||
German word | abbreviation | English |
Zahl | number | |
zusammengestellt | compiled | |
zweifelhaft | doubtful, questionable; usually applied to attribution of a work |
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
The following letters in the Cyrillic alphabet diverge from those in Russian, as found in the Library of Congress Russian transliteration table [39]. This chart includes letters from Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian, Russian (cursive [40]), and Ukranian that are unique to that language. The chart serves to help identify the language of publications in the Cyrillic alphabet.
This information was compiled from: Cyrillic Alphabets [41] by Karel Piska, transliteration tables [42] from the Princeton University Slavic Cataloging Manual, and A manual of European languages for librarians, by C.G. Allen.
Upper case | Lower case | Transliterates as |
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Sht, sht |
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Upper case | Lower case | Transliterates as |
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Note: Macedonian uses the Serbian form of the Cyrillic alphabet, but uses: ° ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ° s (dz) after ![]() |
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Upper case | Lower case | Transliterates as |
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S | s | Dz, dz |
J | j | J, j |
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Lj, lj |
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Nj, n j |
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C, c [transliterates as ![]() ![]() |
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Upper case | Lower case | Transliterates as |
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J | j | J, j |
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Lj, lj |
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Nj, n j |
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Upper case | Lower case | Transliterates as |
Ë | ë | Ë, ë |
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H, h [transliterates as G, g in Russian] |
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G, g |
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Y, y [transliterates as I, i in Russian] |
I | i | I, i [transliterates as ![]() ![]() |
Ï | ï | Ï, ï |
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
This information was compiled from: Piska, Karel. Catalan language [51]; Watkins, Thayer. Catalan [52].
Allen, C.G. A manual of European languages for librarians. London ; New York : Bowker [for] the London School of Economics, 1975.
Dipthongs
Catalan has a lack of rising diphthongs (such as ie and ue) | ||
Catalan | Spanish | English |
be, bo | bien, bueno | well, good |
Catalan has an abundance of falling diphthongs | ||
Catalan | Spanish | English |
peu, bou | pie, buey | foot, ox |
English, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese spellings of the same sound | |||
English | Catalan | Spanish | Portuguese |
ny | ny | ñ | nh |
y_ | ll | ll | lh |
_own | _an | _an | _ão |
_n | _n | _n | _m |
Definite and indefinite articles in Catalan and Spanish |
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definite articles | indefinite articles | ||||
Catalan | M | F | N | M | F |
singular | el, l' | >la, l' | --- | >un | >una |
plural | els | les | --- | uns | unes |
Spanish | M | F | N | M | F |
singular | el | la, el | lo | un | in(a) |
plural | los | las | --- | unos | unas |
Numbers in Catalan and Spanish |
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Cardinal |
Ordinal |
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Catalan | Spanish | Catalan | Spanish | ||
1 | un, una | uno,una | 1st | primer | primer(o) |
2 | dos, dues | dos | 2nd | segon | segundo |
3 | tres | tres | 3rd | Terç(er) | tercer(o) |
4 | quatre | cuatro | 4th | quart | cuarto |
5 | cinc | cinco | 5th | cinquè | quinto |
6 | sis | seis | 6th | sisè | sexto |
7 | set | siete | 7th | setè | séptimo |
8 | vuit | ocho | 8th | vuitè | octavo |
9 | nou | nueve | 9th | noveè | noveno |
10 | deu | diez | 10th | desè | décimo |
11 | onze | once | 11th | onzè | undécimoo |
40 | quaranta | cuarenta | 40th | --- | cuadragesimo |
12 | dotze | doce | 12th | --- | duodécimo |
13 | tretze | trece | 13th | --- | decimotercio |
14 | catorze | catorce | 14th | --- | decimocuarto |
15 | quinze | quince | 15th | --- | decimoquinto |
16 | setze | dieciséis | 16th | --- | decimosexto |
17 | disset | diecisiete | 17th | --- | decimoseptimo |
18 | divuit | dieciocho | 18th | --- | decimoctavo |
101 | cent un | siete | 101st | --- | --- |
19 | dinou | diecinueve | 19th | --- | decimonono |
20 | vint | veinte | 20th | --- | vigesimo |
21 | vint-i-un | veintiun(o) | 21st | vint-i-unè | vigesimo primo |
30 | trenta | treinta | 30th | trentè | trigesimo |
31 | trenta-un | treinta y un(o) | 31st | --- | --- |
50 | cinquanta | cincuenta | 50th | --- | quincuagesimo |
60 | seixanta | sesenta | 60th | --- | sexagesimo |
70 | setanta | setenta | 70th | --- | septuagesimo |
80 | vuitanta | ochenta | 80th | --- | octogèsimo |
90 | noranta | noventa | 90th | --- | nonagesimo |
100 | cent | siete | 100th | --- | cntésimo |
200 | dos-cents, dues-centes |
siete | 200th | --- | ducentesimo |
1,000 | mil | siete | 1,000th | --- | milésimo |
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
See also: script and printed Fraktur [53] | Fraktur [54] | written [55] Fraktur | What does this blasted thing say? [56] | Fraktur in different fonts [57]
Capital letters | Lower case letters | ![]() |
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Source of this chart: www.jewishgen.org/jri-pl/translit.htm [58] |
Fraktur letters that can be confused for each other |
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Source: What does this blasted thing say? [56] |
appears only at the end of a word or syllable. See A Manual of European Languages for Librarians, c1975: p. 34.
is used only as lower case and substituted with Ss when it would be used in upper case.
This information is from Sven-Olof (carlsson.hh at arcor.de), Hamburg, Germany, received in an e-mail on July 21, 2005
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
For a complete list of initial articles, see Initial Definite and Indefinite Articles [13] from LC's Network Development and MARC Standards Office.
Words in italics may have other uses, such the cardinal numeral one or a demonstrative pronoun, in that language.
English
a; an; d'; de; the; ye |
Catalan
el; els; en; l'; la; les; un; una |
Danish
de; den; det; en; et; het |
Dutch
de; een; eene; het; 'n; 't |
French
l'; la; le; les; un; une |
German
das; dem; den; der; des; die; ein; eine; einem; einen; einer; eines; 's |
Hungarian
a; az*; egy *Note: "az az" means "that" and "ez az" means "this" in Hungarian |
Italian
gl'; gli; i; il; l'; la; le; lo; un; un'; una; uno |
Norwegian
de; dei; den; det; e; ei; ein; eit; en; et |
Portuguese
a; as; o; os; um; uma |
Romanian
a; al; o; un; unei; unui |
Spanish
el; la; las; lo; los; un; una |
Swedish
de; den; det; en; ett |
Welsh
y; yr |
Language tools [34] ♪ The names of numbers in French, German, Italian, and Spanish [3]
Source Les nombres cardinaux = Die Kardinalzahlen : de 100 à 999 (Internet archive version)
1-49 | Cardinal | Ordinal | 50-99 | Cardinal | Ordinal |
1 |
eins zwei drei vier fünf sechs sieben acht neun |
erste zweite dritte vierte fünfte sechste siebte / siebente achte neunte |
50 |
fünfzig |
fünfzigste |
10 |
zehn elf zwölf dreizehn vierzehn fünfzehn sechzehn siebzehn achtzehn neunzehn |
zehnte elfte zwölfte dreizehnte vierzehnte fünfzehnte sechzehnte siebzehnte achtzehnte neunzehnte |
60 |
sechzig |
sechzigste |
20 |
zwanzig einundzwanzig zweiundzwanzig dreiundzwanzig vierundzwanzig fünfundzwanzig sechsundzwanzig siebenundzwanzig achtundzwanzig neunundzwanzig |
zwanzigste einundzwanzigste zweiundzwanzigste dreiundzwanzigste vierundzwanzigste fünfundzwanzigste sechsundzwanzigste siebenundzwanzigste achtundzwanzigste neunundzwanzigste |
70 |
siebzig |
siebzigste |
30 |
dreißig einunddreißig zweiunddreißig dreiunddreißig vierunddreißig fünfunddreißig sechsunddreißig siebenunddreißig achtunddreißig neununddreißig |
dreißigste einunddreißigste zweiunddreißigste dreiunddreißigste vierunddreißigste fünfunddreißigste sechsunddreißigste siebenunddreißigste achtunddreißigste neununddreißigste |
80 |
achtzig |
achtzigste |
40 |
vierzig einundvierzig zweiundvierzig dreiundvierzig vierundvierzig fünfundvierzig sechsundvierzig siebenundvierzig achtundvierzig neunundvierzig |
vierzigste einundvierzigste zweiundvierzigste dreiundvierzigste vierundvierzigste fünfundvierzigste sechsundvierzigste siebenundvierzigste achtundvierzigste neunundvierzigste |
90 |
neunzig |
neunzigste |
100-900 | Cardinal | Ordinal | |||
100 |
hundert / einhundert zweihundert dreihundert vierhundert fünfhundert sechshundert siebenhundert achthundert neunhundert |
hundertste zweihundertste dreihundertste vierhundertste fünfhundertste sechshundertste siebenhundertste achthundertste neunhundertste |
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X00-X149 | Cardinal | Ordinal | X50-X99 | Cardinal | Ordinal |
X01 |
___hunderteins ___hundertzwei ___hundertdrei ___hundertvier ___hundertfünf ___hundertsechs ___hundertsieben ___hundertacht ___hundertneun |
___hunderterste ___hundertzweite ___hundertdritte ___hundertvierte ___hundertfünfte ___hundertsechste ___hundertsiebte ___hundertachte ___hundertneunte |
X50 |
___hundertfünfzig |
___hundertfünfzig |
X10 |
___hundertzehn ___hundertelf ___hundertzwölf ___hundertdreizehn ___hundertvierzehn ___hundertfünfzehn ___hundertsechzehn ___hundertsiebzehn ___hundertachtzehn ___hundertneunzehn |
___hundertzehnte |
X60 |
___hundertsechzig |
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X20 |
___hundertzwanzig ___hunderteinundzwanzig ___hundertzweiundzwanzig ___hundertdreiundzwanzig ___hundertvierundzwanzig ___hundertfünfundzwanzig ___hundertsechsundzwanzig ___hundertsiebenundzwanzig ___hundertachtundzwanzig ___hundertneunundzwanzig |
___hundertzwanzigste ___hunderteinundzwanzigste ___hundertzweiundzwanzigste ___hundertdreiundzwanzigste ___hundertvierundzwanzigste ___hundertfünfundzwanzigste ___hundertsechsundzwanzigste ___hundertsiebenundzwanzigste ___hundertachtundzwanzigste ___hundertneunundzwanzigste |
X70 |
___hundertsiebzig |
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X30 |
___hundertdreißig ___hunderteinunddreißig ___hundertzweiunddreißig ___hundertdreiunddreißig ___hundertvierunddreißig ___hundertfünfunddreißig ___hundertsechsunddreißig ___hundertsiebenunddreißig ___hundertachtunddreißig ___hundertneununddreißig |
___hundertdreißigste ___hunderteinunddreißigste ___hundertzweiunddreißigste ___hundertdreiunddreißigste ___hundertvierunddreißigste ___hundertfünfunddreißigste ___hundertsechsunddreißigste ___hundertsiebenunddreißigste ___hundertachtunddreißigste ___hundertneunund vierzigste |
X80 |
___hundertachtzig |
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X40 |
___hundertvierzig ___hunderteinundvierzig ___hundertzweiundvierzig ___hundertdreiundvierzig ___hundertvierundvierzig ___hundertfünfundvierzig ___hundertsechsundvierzig ___hundertsiebenundvierzig ___hundertachtundvierzig ___hundertneunundvierzig |
___hundertvierzigste ___hunderteinundvierzigste ___hundertzweiundvierzigste ___hundertdreiundvierzigste ___hundertvierundvierzigste ___hundertfünfundvierzigste ___hundertsechsundvierzigste ___hundertsiebenundvierzigste ___hundertachtundvierzigste ___hundertneunundvierzigste |
X90 |
___hundertneunzig |
200 |
zweihundert zweihunderteins zweihundertzwei zweihundertdrei zweihundertvier zweihundertfünf zweihundertsechs zweihundertsieben zweihundertacht zweihundertneun |
210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 |
zweihundertzehn zweihundertelf zweihundertzwölf zweihundertdreizehn zweihundertvierzehn zweihundertfünfzehn zweihundertsechzehn zweihundertsiebzehn zweihundertachtzehn zweihundertneunzehn |
220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 |
zweihundertzwanzig zweihunderteinundzwanzig zweihundertzweiundzwanzig zweihundertdreiundzwanzig zweihundertvierundzwanzig zweihundertfünfundzwanzig zweihundertsechsundzwanzig zweihundertsiebenundzwanzig zweihundertachtundzwanzig zweihundertneunundzwanzig zweihundertdreißig |
320 421 522 623 724 825 926 |
dreihundertzwanzig vierhunderteinundzwanzig fünfhundertzweiundzwanzig sechshundertdreiundzwanzig siebenhundertvierundzwanzig achthundertfünfundzwanzig neunhundertsechsundzwanzig |
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1030 |
tausenddreißig tausendteinunddreißig tausendzweiunddreißig tausendreiunddreißig tausendvierunddreißig tausendfünfunddreißig tausendsechsunddreißig tausendtsiebenunddreißig tausendachtunddreißig tausendneununddreißig |
1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 |
tausendvierzig tausendeinundvierzig tausendzweiundvierzig tausenddreiundvierzig tausendierundvierzig tausendfünfundvierzig tausendsechsundvierzig tausendsiebenundvierzig tausendachtundvierzig tausendneunundvierzig |
1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 |
tausendfünfzig tausendeinundfünfzig tausendzweiundfünfzig tausenddreiundfünfzig tausendvierundfünfzig tausendfünfundfünfzig tausendsechsundfünfzig tausendsiebenundfünfzig tausendachtundfünfzig tausendneunundfünfzig |
1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 |
tausendsechzig tausendeinundsechzig tausendzweiundsechzig tausenddreiundsechzig tausendvierundsechzig tausendfünfundsechzig tausendsechsundsechzig tausendsiebenundsechzig tausendachtundsechzig tausendneunundsechzig |
1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 |
tausendsiebzig tausendeinundsiebzig tausendzweiundsiebzig tausenddreiundsiebzig tausendvierundsiebzig tausendfünfundsiebzig tausendsechsundsiebzig tausendsiebenundsiebzig tausendachtundsiebzig tausendneunundsiebzig |
1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 |
tausendachtzig tausendeinundachtzig tausendzweiundachtzig tausenddreiundachtzig tausendvierundachtzig tausendfünfundachtzig tausendsechsundachtzig tausendsiebenundachtzig tausendachtundachtzig tausendneunundachtzig |
1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 |
tausendneunzig tausendeinundneunzig tausendzweiundneunzig tausenddreiundneunzig tausendvierundneunzig tausendfünfundneunzig tausendsechsundneunzig tausendsiebenundneunzig tausendachtundneunzig tausendneunundneunzig |
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1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 |
tausendhundert tausendhunderteins tausendhundertzwei tausendhundertdrei tausendhundertvier tausendhundertfünf tausendhundertsechs tausendhundertsieben tausendhundertacht tausendhundertneun |
1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 |
elfhundert elfhunderteins elfhundertzwei elfhundertdrei elfhundertvier elfhundertfünf elfhundertsechs elfhundertsieben elfhundertacht elfhundertneun |
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1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 |
tausendzweihundertzehn tausendzweihundertelf tausendzweihundertzwölf tausendzweihundertdreizehn tausendzweihundertvierzehn tausendzweihundertfünfzehn tausendzweihundertsechzehn tausendzweihundertsiebzehn tausendzweihundertachtzehn tausendzweihundertneunzehn |
1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 |
zwölfhundertzehn zwölfhundertelf zwölfhundertzwölf zwölfhundertdreizehn zwölfhundertvierzehn zwölfhundertfünfzehn zwölfhundertsechzehn zwölfhundertsiebzehn zwölfhundertachtzehn zwölfhundertneunzehn |
||
1300 1401 1502 1603 1704 1805 1906 1907 1908 1909 |
dreizehnhundert vierzehnhunderteins fünfzehnhundertzwei sechzehnhundertdrei siebzehnhundertvier achtzehnhundertfünf neunzehnhundertsechs neunzehnhundertsieben neunzehnhundertacht neunzehnhundertneun |
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 |
neunzehnhundertneunzig neunzehnhunderteinundneunzig neunzehnhundertzweiundneunzig neunzehnhundertdreiundneunzig neunzehnhundertvierundneunzig neunzehnhundertfünfundneunzig neunzehnhundertsechsundneunzig neunzehnhundertsiebenundneunzig neunzehnhundertachtundneunzig neunzehnhundertneunundneunzig |
Language tools [34] ♪ The names of numbers in French, German, Italian, and Spanish [3]
See also Distinguishing between Catalan and Spanish: A guide for use in cataloging music [15]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
Catalan | Dutch| Hungarian | Latin| Polish | Portuguese | Swedish
Catalan source [59] (archived version of the website) See also Distinguishing between Catalan and Spanish: A guide for use in cataloging music [15] |
||
1 = un 2 = dos 3 = tres 4 = quatre 5 = cinc 6 = sis 7 = set 8 = vuit 9 = nou 10 = deu 11 = onze 12 = doze 13 = tretze 14 = catorze 15 = quinze |
16 = setze 17 = disset 18 = divuit 19 = divnou 20 = vint 21 = vinte e dois 30 = trenta 40 = quarenta 50 = cinquanta 60 = seixanta 70 = setanta 80 = vuitanta 90 = noranta 100 = cent 100 = mil |
|
Croatian from various web sites | ||
1 = jedan 2 = dva 3 = tri 4 = četiri 5 = pet 6 = šest 7 = sedam 8 = osam 9 = devet 10 = deset 11 = jedanaest 12 = dvanaest 13 = trinaest 14 = četrnaest 15 = petnaest 16 = šesnaest 17 = sedamnaest 18 = osamnaest 19 = devetnaest 20 = dvadeset |
21 = dvadeset i jedan 22 = dvadeset i dva 23 = dvadeset i tri 30 = trideset 40 = četrdeset 50 = pedeset 60 = šezdeset 70 = sedamdeset 80 = osamdeset 90 = devedeset 100 = sto 101 = sto jedan 102 = sto dva 103 = sto tri |
104 = sto četiri 200 = dvjesto 300 = tristo 400 = četristo 500 = petsto 600 = šesto 700 = sedamsto 800 = osamsto 900 = devetsto 1000 = tisuća 5000 = pet tisuća 100,000 = sto tisuća 1000,000 = milijun |
Danish source [60] | ||
1 = en, et 2 = to 3 = tre 4 = fire 5 = fem 6 = seks 7 = syv 8 = otte 9 = ni 10 = ti 11 = elleve 12 = tolv 13 = tretten 14 = fjorten 15 = femten 16 = seksten 17 = sytten 18 = atten 19 = nitten 20 = tyve |
30 = tredive 40 = fyrre(tyve) 50 = halvtreds(indstyve) 60 = tres(indstyve) 70 = halvfjerds(indstyve) 80 = firs(indstyve) 90 = halvfems(indstyve) 100 = hundrede |
ordinals 1st = forste 2nd = and/en, -et 3rd = tredje 4th = fjerde 5th = femte 6th = sjette 7th = syvende 8th = ottende 9th = niende 10th = tiende 11th = ellevte 12th = tolvte 13th = trettende 14th = fjortende 15th = femtende 16th = sekstende 17th = syttende 18th = attende 19th = nittende 20th = tyvende |
Dutch source [61] | ||
0 = nul 1 = een 2 = twee 3 = drie 4 = vier 5 = vijf 6 = zes 7 = zeven 8 = acht 9 = negen 10 = tien 11 = elf 12 = twaalf 13 = dertien 14 = veertien 15 = vijftien 16 = zestien 17 = zeventien 18 = achttien 19 = negentien 20 = twintig |
21 = eenentwintig 22 = tweeëntwintig 23 = drieëntwintig 24 = vierentwintig 25 = vijfentwintig 26 = zesentwintig 27 = zevenentwintig 28 = achtentwintig 29 = negenentwintig 30 = dertig 31 = eenendertig 32 = tweeëndertig 33 = drieëndertig 34 = vierendertig 35 = vijfendertig 36 = zesendertig 37 = zevenendertig 38 = achtendertig 39 = negenendertig 40 = veertig 50 = vijftig 60 = zestig 70 = zeventig 80 = tachtig 90 = negentig 100 = honderd 1,000 = duizend 1,000,000 = één miljoen |
ordinals 1st = eerste 2nd = tweede 3rd = derde 4th = vierde 5th = vijfde 6th = zesde 7th = zevende 8th = achtste 9th = negende 10th = tiende |
Hungarian source: Allen, C.G. A manual of European languages for librarians. London ; New York : Bowker [for] the London School of Economics, 1975. Note: Numerals are followed by nouns in the singular. |
||
1 = egy 2 = kettq/két 3 = három 4 = négy 5 = öt 6 = hat 7 = hét 8 = nyolc 9 = kilenc 10 = tíz 11, etc. = tizenegy, etc. |
20 = húsz 21 = huszonegy 30 = harminc 31 = harmoncegy 40 = negyven 50 = ötven 60 = hatvan 90 = kilencven 100 = száz 101, etc. = százegy, etc. 1000 = ezer 2000 = kétezer |
ordinals 1st = elsQ 2nd = második 3rd = harmadik 4th = negyedik 5th = ötödik 6th = hatodik 7th = hetedik 8th = nyolcadik 9th = kilencedik |
Latin source [62] | ||
1 = unus 2 = duoe 3 = tres 4 = quattuor 5 = quinque 6 = sex 7 = septem 8 = octo 9 = novem 10 = decem 11 = undecim 12 = duodecim 13 = tredecim 14 = quattuordecim 15 = quindecim 16 = sedecim 17 = septemdecim 18 = duodeviginti 19 = undeviginti 20 = viginti |
30 = triginti 40 = quaquaginta 50 = juinquaginta 60 = sexaginta 70 = septuaginta 80 = octoginta 90 = nonaginta 100 = centum |
ordinals 1st = primus 2nd = secundus, alter 3rd = tertius 4th = quartus 5th = quintus 6th = sextus 7th = septimus 8th = octavus 9th = nonus 10th = decimus |
Polish source [63] | ||
1 = jeden 2 = dwa 3 = trzy 4 = cztery 5 = pięć 6 = sześć 7 = siedem 8 = osiem 9 = dziewięć 10 = dziesięć 11 = jedenaście 12 = dwanaście 13 = trzynaście 14 = czternaście 15 = piętnaście |
16 = szesnaście 17 = siedemnaście 18 = osiemnaście 19 = dziewiętnaście 20 = dwadzieścia 30 = trzydzieści 40 = czterdzieści 50 = pięćdziesiąt 60 = sześćdziesiąt 70 = siedemdziesiąt 80 = osiemdziesiąt 90 = dziewięćdziesiąt 100 = sto 1000 = tysiąc |
|
Portuguese source [59] (archived version of the website) | ||
1 = um, uma 2 = dois, duas 3 = três 4 = cuatro 5 = cinco 6 = seis 7 = sete 8 = oito 9 = nove 10 = dez 11 = onze 12 = doze 13 = treze 14 = quatorze 15 = quinze 16 = dezesseis 17 = dezesete 18 = sezeoito 19 = dezenove 20 = vinte |
21 = vinte e um 22 = vinte e dois 30 = trinta 31 = trinta e um 32 = trinta e due 40 = quarenta 50 = cinquenta 60 = sesenta 70 = setenta 80 = oitenta 90 = noventa 100 = ciem 200 = duzentos 500 = quinhentos 100 = mil |
|
Swedish source [64] (archived version of the website) | ||
1 = en,ett 2 = två 3 = tre 4 = fyra 5 = fem 6 = sex 7 = sju 8 = åtta 9 = nio 10 = tio 11 = elva 12 = tolv 13 = tretton 14 = fjorton 15 = femton |
16 = sexton 17 = sjutton 18 = arton 19 = nitton 20 = tjugo 21 = tjugoen, tjugoett 30 = trettio 40 = fyrtio 50 = femtio 60 = sextio 70 = sjuttio 80 = åttio 90 = nittio 100 = (ett)hundra 200 = tvåhundra 1000 = (ett)tusen 2000 = tvåtusen |
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Russian diacritics and ligatures are not displayed.
The source used for some of these names is Terminorum musicae index septem linguis redactus (Polyglot dictionary of musical terms). Budapest: Akadémaia Kiadó ; Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1978. ISBN 9630512769, 3761805535 and Instrument names in other languages [65] from Dolmetsch online [66]
Thanks to Marco Adorna for assistance with the Italian terminology and Jean-Baptiste Mazon for help with the French terminology
Wind instruments: Woodwind instruments | Brass instruments | Stringed instruments | Plucked instruments | Keyboard instruments | Percussion instruments | Electronic instruments | Other instruments | Instrumental ensembles | Voices | Vocal ensembles
Wind instruments | |||||
Woodwind instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
wind instruments | instruments à vent | Blasinstrumenten | strumenti a fiato | dukhovye instrumenty | instrumentos de viento |
woodwind instruments | les bois; instruments à vent en bois | Holzblasinstrumente | legno | dereviannye dukhovye instrumenty | instrumentos de madera |
reeds | anches | trosti | |||
double reeds | anches doubles | double reeds | |||
flute see also When is a flute not a flute [67] |
flûte; grande flûte; flûte traversière |
Flöte; Querflöte | flauto | fleita | flauta |
oboe | hautbois | Oboe | oboe | goboi | oboe |
clarinet | clarinette | Klarinette | clarinetto | klarnet | clarinete |
bass clarinet | clarinette basse | Bassklarinette | clarinetto basso | bass-klarnet | clarinete bajo |
bassoon | basson | Fagott | fagotto | fagot | fagot(e) |
English horn | cor anglais | Englischhorn | corno inglese | angliiskii rozhok | corno/cuerno inglés |
recorder see also When is a flute not a flute [67] |
flûte à bec; flûte douce/droite |
Blockflöte | flauto dolce/ dritto/a becco |
blokfleita | flauta recta/ dulce/de pico |
saxophone | saxophone | Saxophon | sassofono; saxofono | saksofon | saxofón; saxofóno |
piccolo | piccolo; flûte piccolo; petite flûte |
Pikkoloflöte; Piccolo; kleine Flöte |
ottavino; flauto piccolo |
pikkolo; malaia fleita; fleita pikkolo |
flautín; ottavino |
oboe d'amore | hautbois d'amore; hautbois d'amour |
Liebesoboe | oboe d'amore | goboi d'amur | oboe de amor |
Brass instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
brass instruments | instruments à vent de cuivre; cuivres | Blechblasinstrumente | ottone | mednye dukhovye instrumenty | instrumentos de metal/ cobre; instrumentos de viento-metal; metales |
horn | cor | Horn | corno | Gorn; rog; rozhok Also valtorna, which is natural or hunting horn, also used for "French" horn |
corno; corno francés; trompa (da pistones); cuerno |
natural horn | cor simple | Waldhorn | corno naturale | valtorna | trompa natural |
trumpet | trompette | Trompete | tromba; clarino | truba | trompeta |
cornet | cornet (à pistons) | Kornett | cornetta | kornet | corneta |
flugelhorn | Flügelhorn | flicorno | fliugel'gorn | fliscorno | |
trombone | trombone | Posaune | trombone | trombon | trombón |
bass trombone | basse-trombone; trombone basse |
Bass Posaune | trombono basso | bas trombon | trombón bajo |
tuba | tuba | Tuba | tuba | tuba | tuba |
baritone | baryton; bariton | Bariton | baritono | bariton | barítono |
euphonium | euphonium | Euphonium | eufonio | evfonium | euphonium |
Stringed instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
string instruments | instruments à cordes; instruments à cordes frottées |
Saiteninstrumente | strumenti a corda; strumenti archi |
strunnye instrumenty | instrumentos de cuerdas |
strings | cordes | Streicher | archi | struny | cuerdas |
violin | violon | Violine; Geige | violino | skripka | violín |
viola | alto | Viola; Viole; Bratsche | viola | viola | viola |
violoncello | violoncelle | Violoncello; Cello | violoncello | violonchel' | violoncelo; cello; violonchelo |
double bass; string bass | contrebasse | Kontrabass | contrabasso | kontrabas | contrabajo |
viola da gamba | viole de gambe; viola da gamba |
Viola da gamba; Gambe |
viola da gamba | viola da gamba; gamba |
viola de gamba; viola da gamba |
viola d'amore | viole d'amour | Viola d'amore; Liebesgeige |
viola d'amore | viola d'amur | viola d'amore |
Plucked instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
plucked instruments | instruments à cordes pincées | Zupfinstrumente | strumenti a pizzico | shchipkovye instrumenty | instrumentos punteados |
cimbalom | cymbalum | Zymbal | |||
guitar | guitare | Gitarre | chitarra | gitara | guitarra |
harp | harpe | Harfe | arpa | arfa | arpa |
lute | luth | Laute | liuto | liutnia | laúd |
mandolin | mandoline | Mandoline | mandolino | mandolina | mandolina |
zither | cithare | Zither | cetra da tavolo | tsitra | cítara |
Keyboard instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
keyboard instrument | instrument à clavier | Tasteninstrumente | strumenti a tastiera | klavishnyi instrument | instrumentos de tecla |
accordion | accordéon | Akkordeon | fisarmonica | akkordeon | acordeón |
bayan | Bajan | bayan, fisarmonica bayan | baian | ||
celesta | célesta | Celesta | celesta | chelesta | celesta |
clavichord | clavicorde | Clavichord; Klavichord | clavicordo | klavikord | clavicordio |
continuo; thorough-bass |
basse continue | Generalbass; Basso continuo |
basso continuo | basso kontinuo; general-bas |
bajo continuo |
harpsichord | clavecin | Cembalo; Clavicembalo | clavicembalo | klavesin; chembalo | clavecémbalo; clavecín; clavicímbalo |
organ | orgue | Orgel | organo | organ | órgano |
piano | piano | Piano; Klavier | piano | fortep'iano | piano |
Percussion instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
percussion instruments | instruments à percussion | Schlaginstrumente; Perkussionsinstrumente |
strumenti a percussione | udarnye instrumenty | instrumentos de percusión |
bass drum | grosse caisse | Grosse Trommel | cassa; grancassa; gran cassa |
bol'shoi baraban | bombo |
castenets | castagnettes | Kastagnetten | castagnette | kastan'ety | castañuelas |
cowbells | cloches à vache | caubel | |||
cymbals | cymbales | Becken | piatti | tarelki | cimbalos |
drum | tambour | Trommel | tamburo | baraban | tambor |
glockenspiel | glockenspiel; jeu de timbres | Glockenspiel | glockenspiel; metallofono; campanelli |
kolokol'chiki | campanólogo; juego de timbres/órgano de campanas |
marimba | marimba | Marimbaphon | marimba | marimba | marimba |
rattle | crécelle | Ratsche, Knarre, Schnarre | raganella | treshchotka | carraca, matraca |
snare drum | caisse claire | Leinentrommel | tamburo rullante; tamburo militare; rullante |
frantsuzskii baraban | tambor afinable/con tensores |
tenor drum | caisse roulante | Rührtrommel; Wirbeltrommel; Tenortrommel |
cassa rullante; tamburino |
tsilindricheskii baraban | redoblante |
tambourine | tambourin | Tamburin | tamburello | buben | pandereta |
timpani | timbales | Pauken | timpano | litavra | timbal |
tubular bells | cloches tubulaires | Rohrenglocke | campane tubolari | trubchatye kolokola | campanas tubulares |
xylophone | xylophone | Xylophon | xilofono | ksilofon | xilofón; xilofóno |
Electronic instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
electronic instruments | electronnye instrumenty | ||||
computer | ordinateur | Computerklänge | kompiuter | ||
ondes martenot | ondes martenot | ||||
synthesizer | synthétiseur | sintetizzatore | sintezator | ||
tape | bande | Tonbande; Zuspielband | nastro | magnitofonnaia lenta | banda |
Other instruments | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
dulcimer (hammered) | Hackbrett | salterio | tsimbaly | dulcema | |
harmonica | harmonica | Mundharmonika | gubnaia garmoshika | ||
Instrumental ensembles | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
instrumental ensembles | ensembles instrumentaux | ||||
band | orchestre d'instruments à vent; orchestre à vent; harmonie de concert; harmonie; orchestre d'harmonie |
Blasorchester | orchestra di strumenti a fiato | dukhovoi orkestr | orquesta de vientos |
brass band | fanfare | ||||
chamber orchestra | orchestre de chambre | Kammerorchester | orchestra da camera | kamernyi orkestr | orquesta de cámara |
string orchestra | orchestre à cordes | Streichorchester | orchestra d'archi | strunnyi orkestr | orquesta de cuerdas |
orchestra | orchestre | Orchester | orchestra | orkestr | orquesta |
Voices | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
voice | voix | Stimme | voce | golos | voz |
soprano | soprano, dessus | Sopran | soprano | soprano | soprano |
male alto/low soprano |
bas-dessus | ||||
mezzo soprano | mezzo-soprano | Mezzosopran | mezzosoprano | metstsosoprano/ metso-soprano |
mezzo-soprano |
alto; contralto | alto; contralto | Alt | contralto | al't; kontral'to | contralto |
tenor | ténor, taille | Tenor | tenore | tenor | tenor |
baritone | baryton; bariton | Bariton | baritono | bariton | barítono |
bass baritone | basse taille | ||||
bass | basse | Bass | basso | bas | bajo |
counter tenor | contre-ténor; haute-contre |
Contratenor | controtenore | kontratenor | contratenor |
high voice | haut | hohe | acuto | vysokaia | agudo |
medium voice | médium; moyen | mittlere | medio | sredniaia | medio |
low voice | grave | tiefe | grave | nizkaia | grave |
Vocal ensembles | |||||
English | French | German | Italian | Russian | Spanish |
vocal ensembles | ensembles vocaux | ||||
chorus | chœur | Chor | coro | khor | coro |
mixed voices | voix mixtes | Stimmen gemischte | voci miste | smeshannye golosa | voces mixtas |
women's voices | chœur de femmes | Frauenchor; Frauenstimme |
coro femminile | zhenskii khor | coro femenino |
men's voices | chœur d'hommes | Männerchor; Männerstimme |
coro maschile | muzhskoi khor | coro masculino; choro de hombres |
children's voices | chœur d'enfants | Kinderchor | voci bianche | detskii khor | coro infantil; coro de niños |
equal voices | voix égales | Stimmen gleiche | voci pari | odnorodnye golosa | voces iguales |
Music Cataloging at Yale [1] ♪ Language tools [34]
Note: this page was created with music cataloging in mind.
See also Numbers in languages other than French, German, Italian, and Spanish [4] | Lots of German numbers [68] and Find French words for numbers [69]
Cardinal Numbers |
Ordinal Numbers |
|||||||||
French | German | Italian | Spanish | French | German | Italian | Spanish | |||
1 | un(e) | ein(s) | uno,una | uno,una,un | 1st | premièr(e) | erste | primo | primer(o),-re | |
2 | deux | zwei | due | dos | 2nd | deuxième second(e) |
zweite | secondo | segundo,-da | |
3 | trois | drei | tre | tres | 3rd | troisième | dritte | terzo | tercer(o), tercio | |
4 | quatre | vier | quattro | cuatro | 4th | quatrième | vierte | quarto | cuarto | |
5 | cinq | fünf | cinque | cinco | 5th | cinquième | fünfte | quinto | quinto | |
6 | six | sechs | sei | seis | 6th | sixième | sechste | sesto | sexto | |
7 | sept | sieben | sette | siete | 7th | septième | siebente | settimo | septimo | |
8 | huit | acht | otto | ocho | 8th | huitième | achte | ottavo | octavo | |
9 | neuf | neun | nove | nueve | 9th | neuvième | neunte | nono | noveno, nono | |
10 | dix | zehn | dieci | diez | 10th | dixième | zehnte | decimo | décimo | |
11 | onze | elf | undici | once | 11th | onzième | elfte | undicesimo | undecimo | |
12 | douze | zwölf | dodici | doce | 12th | douzième | zwölfte | dodicesimo | duodecimo | |
13 | treize | dreizehn | tredici | trece | 13th | treizième | dreizehnte | tredicesimo | decimotercio | |
14 | quatorze | vierzehn | quattordici | catorce | 14th | quatorzième | vierzehnte | quattordicesimo | decimocuarto | |
15 | quinze | fünfzehn | quindici | quince | 15th | quinzième | Füzehnte | quindicesimo | decimoquinto | |
16 | seize | sechzehn | sedici | dieciséis | 16th | seizième | sechzehnte | sedicesimo | decimosexto | |
17 | dix-sept | siebzehn | diciassette | diecisiete | 17th | dix-septième | siebzehnte | diciassettesimo | decimoseptimo | |
18 | dix-huit | achtzehn | diciotto | dieciocho | 18th | dix-huitième | achtzehnte | diciottesimo | decimoctavo | |
19 | dix-neuf | neunzehn | diciannove | diecinueve | 19th | dix-neuvième | neunzehnte | diciannovesimo | decimonono | |
20 | vingt | zwanzig | venti | veinte | 20th | vingtième | zwanzigste | ventesimo | vigesimo | |
21 | vingt et un | einundzwanzig | ventuno | veintiuno | 21st | vingt et unième | einundzwanzigste | ventunesimo | vigesimo primo | |
22 | vingt-deux | zweiundzwanzig | ventidue | veintidos | 22nd | vingt-deuxième | ventiduesimo | |||
23 | vingt-trois | dreiundzwanzig | ventitre | veintitres | 23rd | vingt-troisième | ventitreesimo | |||
24 | vingt-quatre | vierundzwanzig | ventiquattro | veinticuatro | 24th | vingt-quatrième | ventiquattresimo See below for more |
|||
30 | trente | dreissig | trenta | treinta | 30th | trentième | dreissigste | trentesimo | trigesimo | |
40 | quarante | vierzig | quaranta | cuarenta | 40th | quarantième | vierzigste | quarantesimo | cuadragesimo | |
50 | cinquante | fünfzig | cinquanta | cincuenta | 50th | cinquantième | fümfzigste | cinquantesimo | quincuagesimo | |
60 | soixante | sechzig | sessanta | sesenta | 60th | soixantième | sechzigste | sessantesimo | sexagesimo | |
70 | soixante-dix | siebzig | settanta | setenta | 70th | soixante-dixième | siebzigste | settantesimo | septuagesimo | |
80 | quatre-vingt(s) | achtzig | ottanta | ochenta | 80th | quatre-vingtième | achtzigste | ottantesimo | octogèsimo | |
90 | quatre-vingt- dix |
neunzig | novanta | noventa | 90th | quatre-vingt- dixième |
neunzigste | novantesimo | nonagesimo | |
100 | cent | hundert | cento | cien(to) | 100th | centième | hundertste | centesimo | centésimo | |
200 | deux cents | zweihundert | duecento | doscientos | 200th | deux centième | zweihundertste | ducentesimo | ||
300 | trois cents | dreihundert | trecento | trescientos | 300th | trois centème | dreihundertste | tricentesimo | ||
400 | quatre cents | vierhundert | quattrocento | cuatrocientos | 400th | quatre centième | vierhundertste | cuadringentesimo | ||
500 | cinq cents | fünfhundert | cinquecento | quinientos | 500th | cinq centième | fünfhundertste | quingentesimo | ||
600 | six cents | sechshundert | seicento | seiscientos | 600th | six centième | sechshundertste | secentesimo | ||
700 | sept cents | siebenhundert | settecento | setecientos | 700th | sept centième | siebenhundertste | septingentesimo | ||
800 | huit cents | achthundert | ottocento | ochocientos | 800th | huit centième | achthundertste | octingentesimo | ||
900 | neuf cents | neunhundert | novecento | novecientos | 900th | neuf centième | neunhundertste | noningentesimo | ||
1,000 | mille | tausend | mille | mil | 1,000th | millième | tausendste | millesimo | milésimo |
Italian ordinal numbers:
When Italian ordinal numbers are used as adjectives, they must agree in number and gender with that which they modify. Hence, "seicentesimo" may be any of the following:
seicentesimo = singular, masculine nouns
seicentesima = singular, feminine nouns
seicentesimi = plural, masculine nouns
seicentesime = plural, feminine nouns
Some more Italian numbers:
Italian
2000 = duemila
3000 = tremila
25th = venticinquesimo
26th = ventiseiesimo
27th = ventisettesimo
28th = ventiottesimo
29th = ventinovesimo
200th = duecentesimo
300th = trecentesimo
400th = quattrocentesimo
500th = cinquencentesimo
600th = seicentesimo
700th = settecentesimo
800th = ottocentesimo
900th = novecentesimo
1000th = millesimo
Links
[1] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music
[2] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/Common-terms-used-in-German-music-publications-and-thematic-indices
[3] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/foreign
[4] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/morenumb
[5] https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Numerals_in_various_languages#Indo-European_languages
[6] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/names-keys-french-german-italian-and-spanish
[7] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/instname
[8] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/capitalization-of-key-opus-and-number
[9] http://www.cadenza.org/glossary/
[10] https://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/general-music-cataloging-resources#musicterm
[11] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/diacrit
[12] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/initial-articles-listed-by-language
[13] http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdapp-e.html
[14] http://web.archive.org/web/20170128081044/https://library.queensu.ca/techserv/cat/Sect02/dirlang.htm
[15] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/catspan
[16] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/fraktur
[17] http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html
[18] http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/russian.pdf
[19] http://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/russian_cursive.gif
[20] https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/ukrainia.pdf
[21] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Ucraniano-Alfabeto-Manuscrito.svg
[22] https://sites.google.com/site/seesscm/transliteration-of-the-hard-sign-tverdyi-znak
[23] https://sites.google.com/site/seesscm/home
[24] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/cyrillic
[25] http://translit.cc/
[26] http://www.woxikon.com/
[27] http://dictionaries.travlang.com/
[28] http://www.reverso.net/text_translation.aspx?lang=EN
[29] http://www.lingvosoft.com/free-online-dictionaries/
[30] http://szotar.sztaki.hu/angol-magyar
[31] http://dictionaries.travlang.com/EnglishPortuguese/
[32] http://www.wordgumbo.com/ie/cel/wel/we.htm
[33] http://whatlanguageisthis.com/
[34] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/language-tools
[35] http://www.musicoclcusers.org/NMP/nmphdbk.htm#citingtitle
[36] http://www.orchestralibrary.com/reftables/ggloss.html
[37] http://german.about.com/library/blabbrev.htm
[38] http://staff.library.mun.ca/staff/toolbox/lang/german.htm
[39] http://lcweb.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/russian.pdf
[40] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Cyrillic-italics-nonitalics.png/434px-Cyrillic-italics-nonitalics.png
[41] http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-2/tb51pisk.pdf
[42] http://library.princeton.edu/departments/tsd/katmandu/sgman/sltrans.html
[43] http://lcweb.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/serb.html
[44] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Belarusian
[45] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Bulgarian
[46] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Macedonian
[47] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Russian
[48] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Serbian
[49] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets#Ukrainian
[50] http://www.omniglot.com/writing/cyrillic.htm
[51] http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Catalan/Catalan.html
[52] http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/catalan.htm
[53] http://www.mun.ca/rels/morav/pics/tutor/mscript2.html
[54] http://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/fraktur.gif
[55] http://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/suetterlin.gif
[56] http://www.beerstein.net/articles/alpha.htm
[57] http://www.morscher.com/3r/fonts/fraktur.htm
[58] http://www.jewishgen.org/jri-pl/translit.htm
[59] http://web.archive.org/web/20060114020248/http://www.iolairweb.co.uk/romance/numbers.htm
[60] http://staff.library.mun.ca/staff/toolbox/lang/danish.htm
[61] http://www.smartphrase.com/Dutch/du_numbers_voc.shtml
[62] http://staff.library.mun.ca/staff/toolbox/lang/latin.htm
[63] http://staff.library.mun.ca/staff/toolbox/lang/polish.htm
[64] http://web.archive.org/web/20051221205736/http://stp.ling.uu.se/call/swedish/mikaelw01.html
[65] http://www.dolmetsch.com/musictheory29.htm#translatednames
[66] http://www.dolmetsch.com/index.htm
[67] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/When-is-a-flute-not-a-flute
[68] http://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/germannumbers
[69] http://www.lexisrex.com/numbers.php?native=English&foreign=French&nfrom=1&nto=100#.UX_tDcqK2wY