content, media, and carrier type

From Kathy Glennan, MLA-L, 1/17/2014

• RDA generally eschews abbreviations. The primary exceptions are for:
  • Units of measurement
  • Abbreviations that are regularly used in resources and are commonly understood by users (e.g., "SATB", "op.")
  • Abbreviations that a resource uses to identify itself (e.g., "BWV" instead of "Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis")

Abbreviations are used only when they appear on the resource. The exceptions are no. and op. (which will be used the same way as they were in AACR2: in the title area, abbreviate only when abbreviated on the item; abbreviate in access points), thematic index numbers, voice range (SATB, etc.), and units of measurements.
     Use "in." for inches; however, "cm" is no longer considered to be an abbreviation
Use "stereo" and "mono" (also no longer considered to be abbreviations), but spell out other terms ("quadrophonic," etc.)

Metric units:
AACR2: they are considered abbreviations and are followed by a full stop (e.g., cm.)
RDA: they are treated as symbols and are not followed by a full stop (e.g., cm).

Examples of changes to abbreviations used in dates [93] in authorized access points representing persons (formerly known as name headings)

New to RDA:
Capitalization [5]: RDA Appendix A: LC policy is to follow the capitalization on the resource or follow the instructions in Appendix A.
Diacritics [94]: Transcribe when they appear; not necessary to add them when they are omitted from the resource.
Abbreviations [6]: RDA Appendix B: Transcribe as found on the RDA preferred source; otherwise do not use abbreviations

Other things:
Parallel titles [15] may be taken from anywhere on the resource, and are not enclosed in brackets
   ° However, other title information [16] must be taken from the same source as the title proper
Statement of responsibility [18] may be taken from anywhere on the resource
   ° Transcribe title, terms of address, etc.
   ° Transcribe all persons named, even when there are four or more
Edition statement:
   ° Abbreviations are used only when they appear on the resource
   ° Use the form of numbering (e.g., Arabic, roman, etc.) that appear on the resource

Examples
AACR2 1.0F
245 10 ‡a Morton Feldmans Untiteled [sic] composition für Cello und Klavier
246 3  ‡a Morton Feldmans Untitled composition für Cello und Klavier

RDA 1.7.9, 2.3.1.4
245 10 ‡a Morton Feldmans Untiteled composition für Cello und Klavier
246 3  ‡i Title should read: ‡a Morton Feldmans Untitled composition für Cello und Klavier

AACR2 1.0F
245 00 ‡a Horn sonat[a]s
246 3  ‡a Horn sonats

RDA 1.7.9, 2.3.1.4
245 00 ‡a Horn sonats
246 3  ‡i Title should read: ‡a Horn sonatas

Example
Title appears on the resource as
...Huésped de las nieblas...
...Guest from the mists...
for flute and piano

AACR2 1.1B1F
245 10 ‡a --Huésped de las nieblas-- = ‡b --Guest from the mists-- : for flute and piano

RDA 1.7.3
245 10 ‡a ...Huésped de las nieblas... = ‡b ...Guest from the mists... : for flute and piano

Abbreviations [6] are not used unless they appear on the resource.

Place of publication: if more than one, only the first is required (2.8.2)
   ° Include all hierarchies of place, e.g., New Haven, CT, USA
   ° No requirement to include place in the US if the publisher is not in the US
Publisher name: if more than one, on the first is required (2.8.4)
   ° Use the full name as found on the resource, e.g., Theodore Presser Company, Hildegarde Publishing Company
   ° Include all corporate hierarchies of the name of publisher
Date of publication: record the date as found on the resource
   ° LCPS 1.8.2 (first alternative) says to transcribe roman numerals and not convert to Arabic

Place, name, and/or date of publication not identified on resource:
   ° AACR2: [S.l.], [s.n.], [n.d.]
   ° RDA: [place of publication not identified], [publisher not identified], [date of publication not identified]
      ° LCPS instruction strongly encourages: supply a place of publication in brackets or date in brackets
      ° Each subfield is separately bracketed: D1.2.1: When adjacent elements within one area are to be enclosed in square brackets, enclose each in its own set of square brackets.

from: RDA Basics [96] (PPT)

Publication dates and copyright (©)/phonogram () dates [97]

If the date of publication is unknown, use [Date of publication not identified] or an estimated date in brackets, with a question mark, if necessary.
Copyright/phonogram date is not required if a publication date is known. However, for music materials, it is strongly suggested that copyright/phonogram dates are included, even when they are the same as the publication date.
   ° Record the latest copyright date; for recordings, prefer dates over © dates.

Use the appropriate term, which may be a term from the carrier type list (3.3.1.3 [90]) or a general term (3.4.1.3)

Notated music:
Some terms are no longer used.

Three new fields (336, 337, 338) collectively replace the General material designation (245 ‡h)
See Content, Media, and Carrier [21] (RDA 6.9, 3.2, 3.3 & MARC 336-338)

Authorized access points comprise
   ° preferred name of the creator (if applicable)
   ° preferred title of work (6.2.1 [110], 6.14 [111], 6.28.1.1-6.28.1.8 [112])
   ° additional elements to differentiate among other works/expressions (6.28.1.9-6.28.1.11 [113])

Differences from AACR2:
   ° no equivalent to AACR2's "works of mixed responsibility"
   ° "work(s)" in RDA refers to both individual works and compilations
   ° medium of performance in access point can contain more than three elements
   ° standard chamber combinations (e.g., string quartet, piano trio, etc.) are no longer used
   ° use "cello" not "violoncello"
   ° spell out "acc." "arr." and "unacc."
   ° fewer restrictions on recording key
   ° librettos and operas are considered separate works
Source: RDA and Sound Recordings—A Cataloging Workshop: Cataloging with RDA—Sound Recordings [89]

Yes
Yes

Yes when proper names

Make additions to the name as instructed at 9.19.1.2-9.19.1.6, in that order, as applicable.
     ° Make the additions specified at 9.19.1.2 even if they are not needed to distinguish access points representing different persons with the same name.
     ° Make the additions specified at 9.19.1.3-9.19.1.6 if they are needed to distinguish access points representing different persons with the same name.

Optional addition: Make the additions specified at 9.19.1.3-9.19.1.6 even if they are not needed to distinguish access points representing different persons with the same name.

If no suitable addition is available, use the same access point for all persons with the same name. Use an undifferentiated name indicator (8.11) to indicate that the name is undifferentiated.

LC practice/PCC practice: Differentiating authorized access points for persons
Include the date of birth and date of death if available in the authorized access point for a person when creating a new name authority record.
If an addition is needed to differentiate the authorized access point for one person from the authorized access point for another person, apply cataloger judgment when choosing to add one of the following (not listed in priority order) to the authorized access point being established:
     ° period of activity of the person,
     ° fuller form of name,
     and/or
     ° profession or occupation.
If there are no additions readily available to differentiate the access point in the new authority record, make an addition to the existing authorized access point.

Exceptions:
° Title of nobility: Add a title of nobility only if the title or part of the title commonly appears with the name in resources associated with the person or in reference sources.
     ° Disregard reference sources dealing with the nobility.
     ° In case of doubt, add the title.
° Saint: Do not add Saint to an access point representing a pope or an emperor, empress, king, or queen.

Optional addition: Add the date of birth and/or death even if there is no need to distinguish between access points.

LC practice/PCC practice for Optional addition: Authority records:
New records: Add a date of birth and/or date of death to new authority records, even if not needed to distinguish between access points.
Existing records: Unless otherwise changing the 100 field, do not add a date of birth and/or date of death to an existing AACR2 or RDA authorized access point without dates.

LC practice/PCC practice (9.19.11): Giving dates for persons:
     ° If giving both a date of birth and a date of death or giving a span of dates for period of activity, separate the dates with a hyphen.
     ° If giving only a date of birth, use a hyphen after the date
          » Do not use the term "born" with the date.
     ° If giving only a date of death, use a hyphen before the date
          » Do not use the term "died" with the date.
     ° If giving a date or dates for period of activity, use "active" and "century" rather than the abbreviations "fl." and "cent."
          » The term "active" should appear before the first period of activity date (e.g., "active 12th century)

Examples:

Optional addition: Add a fuller form of name even if there is no need to distinguish between access points. Add the fuller form of name before the date of birth and/or death.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional addition: Authority records:
New records
Apply the option to provide a fuller form of name if a part of the forename or surname used in the preferred name is represented by an initial or an abbreviation, if the cataloger considers it important for identification.
     ° Add unused forenames or surnames only if needed to distinguish one access point from another.
Existing records
Unless otherwise changing an existing heading (e.g., conflict), do not change an existing AACR2 or RDA heading merely to add or remove a fuller form of name.

Optional addition: Add the period of activity of the person even if there is no need to distinguish between access points.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional addition: Do not apply.

Make additions to the name, if considered important for identification, applying the instructions at 9.19.1.2-9.19.1.6, as applicable.

LC practice/PCC practice: In addition to the reason given in the instruction, also make additions to a variant access point when needed to break a conflict with an authorized access point in another record, or with another variant access point in the same record.

source: Significant changes for cataloging music: AACR2 vs. RDA [142] by Daniel Paradis, Concordia University
 

Record content type as a separate element, as part of an access point, or as both.

If none of the terms listed in table 6.1 apply to the content of the resource being described, record other.
If the content type(s) applicable to the resource being described cannot be readily ascertained, record unspecified.

Sources: MARC 21 for bibliographic data [146] and authority data [143]

If more than one term is appropriate, give each term in a separate 336 field OR use the term representing the predominant or most substantial content.

Best practices for music cataloging [147]: If deemed useful for identification and access, record content type(s) associated with accompanying material that is described in 500 note.
Books or scores issued with audio/video carriers:
     Encode in a separate 336 fields. Also code a 006 field.
     Example:
     006 jsynn######n
     336 text ‡2 rdacontent
     336 performed music ‡2 rdacontent

Audio/video carriers with substantial accompanying volume of text (insert, booklet, etc.):
     Encode in a separate 336 fields.
     Example:
     336 performed music ‡2 rdacontent
     336 text ‡2 rdacontent

If a score contains significant textual matter (e.g., critical commentary, libretto, preface), give "text" in a separate 336 field.
Do not give "text" in a separate 336 field merely to represent words that underlay the notated music.

Alternative: If the resource being described consists of more than one media type, record only
     ° the media type that applies to the predominant part of the resource (if there is a predominant part)
     or
     ° the media types that apply to the most substantial parts of the resource (including the predominant part, if there is one) using one or more of the terms listed in table 3.1, as appropriate.

If none of the terms listed in table 3.1 apply to the media of the resource being described, record other.
If the media type(s) applicable to the resource being described cannot be readily ascertained, record unspecified.

Sources: MARC 21 for bibliographic data [148]

(3.2.1.3) If more than one term is appropriate, record the media type that applies to the predominant part of the resource, or to the most predominant part of the resource, or to the most substantial parts of the resource

Scores: use the term "unmediated" when the resource can be perceived directly through one or more of the human senses without the aid of an intermediating device. This will apply to books and notated music that can be read by the human eye.

(3.2.1.3) Recording media type for:
Recordings: use the term audio for media used to store recorded sound, designed for use with a playback device such as a turntable, audiocassette player, CD player, or MP3 player. Includes media used to store digitally encoded as well as analog sound.

Best practices for music cataloging [150]: Follow LC-PCC PS. Record media type associated with the primary content of a resource in all cases.

If feasible, record media type associated with any accompanying material that is described in 300 ‡e or in a separate 300, as follows. Record multiple instances of media type in separate 337 fields:
Books or scores issued with audio/video carriers:
     Encode in 337 and 007/00.
Audio/video carriers with accompanying volume (insert, booklet, etc.):
     Encode in 337.

Alternative: If the resource being described consists of more than one carrier type, record only
     ° the carrier type that applies to the predominant part of the resource (if there is a predominant part)
     or
     ° the carrier types that apply to the most substantial parts of the resource (including the predominant part, if there is one) using one or more of the terms listed below, as appropriate.

If none of the terms listed apply to the carrier type(s) of the resource being described, record other.
If the carrier type(s) applicable to the resource being described cannot be readily ascertained, record unspecified.

Sources: MARC 21 for bibliographic data [151]

If more than one term is appropriate, record the carrier type that applies to the predominant or most substantial parts of the resource

Don't confuse carrier type with extent (MARC 300 ‡a), as they have some terms in common:

Best practices for music cataloging [153]: If feasible, record carrier type associated with any accompanying material that is described in 300 ‡e or in a separate 300, as follows.
Record multiple instances of carrier type in separate 338 fields:
Books or scores issued with audio/video carriers:
     Encode in 338 and 007/01.
Audio/video carriers with accompanying volume (insert, booklet, etc.):
      Encode in 338.

book:
336 __ text ‡b txt ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier

score:
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier

score (1 unnumbered leaf):
2013560306
336 __ notated music ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ unmediated ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ sheet ‡2 rdacarrier

recording:
336 __ performed music ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ audio ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ audio disc ‡2 rdacarrier

score with accompanying recording, using ‡3:
OCLC #893675831
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 score
336 __ performed music ‡b prm ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 CD
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 score
337 __ audio ‡b s ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 CD
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 score
338 __ audio disc ‡b sd ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 CD

2013568122
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent
336 __ performed music ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 CD
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia
337 __ audio ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 CD
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier
338 __ audio disc ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 CD

OCLC #878958253
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 score
336 __ sounds ‡b snd ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 audio disc
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 score
337 __ audio ‡b s ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 audio disc
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 score
338 __ audio disc ‡b sd ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 audio disc

OCLC #902818148
336 __ ‡3 score ‡a notated music ‡2 rdacontent
336 __ ‡3 audio disc ‡a performed music ‡b prm ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ ‡3 score ‡a unmediated ‡2 rdamedia
337 __ ‡3 audio disc ‡a audio ‡b s ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ ‡3 score ‡a volume ‡2 rdacarrier
338 __ ‡3 audio disc ‡a audio disc ‡b sd ‡2 rdacarrier

score and part with accompanying recording, using ‡3:
OCLC #873668584
336 __ ‡3 score and part ‡a notated music ‡b ntv ‡2 rdacontent
336 __ ‡3 disc ‡a performed music ‡b prm ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ ‡3 score and part ‡a unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia
337 __ ‡3 disc ‡a audio ‡b s ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ ‡3 score and part ‡a volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier
338 __ ‡3 disc ‡a audio disc ‡b sd ‡2 rdacarrier

2013569166: CD-ROM
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 score
336 __ performed music ‡a notated music ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 CD-ROM
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 score
337 __ computer ‡b c ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 CD-ROM
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 score
338 __ computer disc ‡b cd ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 CD-ROM

USB flash drive
336 __ notated music ‡b ntm ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 score
336 __ performed music ‡a notated music ‡2 rdacontent ‡3 USB flash drive
337 __ unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 score
337 __ computer ‡b c ‡2 rdamedia ‡3 USB flash drive
338 __ volume ‡b nc ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 score
338 __ computer chip cartridge ‡b cb ‡2 rdacarrier ‡3 USB flash drive

book with accompanying recording:
2012465727
336 __ text ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ unmediated ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ volume ‡2 carrier
336 __ performed music ‡2 rdacontent
337 __ audio ‡2 rdamedia
338 __ audio disc ‡2 rdacarrier

The creator has changed but the resource is presented as an adaptation or revision of the previous work:
° adaptation or revision of the previous work and is presented as the work of the adapter/reviser (6.27.1.5)
° Optionally, relate the works with an:
     » unstructured description in a note (500 field)
     or
     » authorized access point (7XX name/title field)
° Optionally, use relationship designators applicable to works (Appendix J.2)
     » Do not use "revision of" because that is an expression relationship
 

° New expression : no change in title proper
     » probably the most common situation
     » often indicated by new edition statements
     » no need for uniform title

° New expression : title proper changes
          » Change in practice between AACR2 and RDA:

° New expression : order of creators' names differs
     » construct the authorized access point based on the first resource received (6.27.1.3)

° New expression : additional creator
     » New expression if scope/content not vastly different
     » New work if resource has very different scope/content

Relating expressions
° Use an authorized access point to relate all the expressions of the same work
° Optionally, give information on the previous expression using:
     » unstructured description: 500 note
     » structured description: 775 ("Revision of:")

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Make a note describing the genre/form of one or more of the works or expressions embodied in the resource if deemed useful for identification and access (i.e., if the work or expression is not adequately described by the title or by using appropriate genre/form or subject headings).
"Hybrid" notes may be constructed stating both genre/form and medium of performance (7.21), especially if compilations of diverse works can be thus described more concisely than by giving the elements separately.

Examples:
2011568262 Musical in three acts.
2010562599 Song cycle for mixed choir with piano accompaniment.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If applying this element, routinely encode 008/22. Additionally, make a note in a 521 field if deemed useful for identification and access.

2012562624
     500 __ "Artist level."
OCLC #826876151
     500 __ 500 "Level: advanced."
OCLC #830536867
     521 8_ "Parental advisory, not suitable for the school run"--Container.
OCLC #823831193
     521 1_ "Ages 5 and up."
OCLC #824151427
     521 8_ Music: Grade 5.
OCLC #774046337
     521 2_ Grades 3-6.
OCLC #826863449
     521 8_ Music: Grade 3-4 (ASTA)
OCLC #793521312
     521 8_ Music: Part 1, Grade 6 +; Part 2, Grade 4-5; Part 3, Grade 2-3; Part 4, Grade 1-2 (ABRSM/Trinity).

If recording multiple places of capture in 033, include a separate field for each place (along with associated dates). Encode multiple dates within one 033 field as either a range or, if feasible, separately.

Examples:
Only place of capture known:
OCLC #809265083
     033 0_ ‡b 5404 ‡c S7
     518 __ ‡o Recorded live ‡p Teatro Paramount, São Paulo.

Only range of dates of capture known:
OCLC #809369217
     033 20 1965---- ‡a 1968----
     518 __ ‡o Recorded ‡d 1965 to 1968.

Place and single date of capture known:
OCLC #836717407
     033 00 20130327 ‡b 3764 ‡c B6
     518 __ ‡p Recorded in Brown Hall ‡d 27 March 2013.
OCLC #825776096
     033 20 20111028 ‡a 20111029 ‡b 5754 ‡c L7
     518 __ ‡o Recorded ‡d 2011 October 28-29 ‡p Henry Wood Hall, London.
OCLC #826876224
     033 20 20120420 ‡a 20120422 ‡b 5754 ‡c C2
     518 __ ‡o Recorded ‡d 2012 April 20-22 ‡p St John's College Chapel, Cambridge.
OCLC #802332076
     033 20 20111128 ‡a 20111201 ‡b 3804 ‡c N4
     518 __ ‡o Recorded at ‡p Avatar Studios, NYC, ‡d 2011 November 28-December 1.

Place and month of capture known:
OCLC #825042684
     033 20 201108-- ‡b 6299 ‡c B3
     518 __ ‡o Recorded ‡d 2011 August ‡p Teldex Studio Berlin.
OCLC #826126819
     033 00 19800429 ‡b 3804 ‡c N4
     033 00 1954----
     518 __ ‡o Recorded ‡d 1980 April 29 ‡p The Juilliard Theater, New York.
     518 __ ‡3 Bonus tracks ‡o recorded ‡d 1954.

Multiple years of capture known:
OCLC #787796719
     033 20 1959---- ‡a 1961----
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 1-14, 19-22, 27-35 ‡o recorded ‡d 1961.
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 15-18, 25-26 ‡o recorded ‡d 1960.
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 23-24 ‡o recorded ‡d 1959.

Single place and multiple years of capture known:
OCLC #824910274
     033 10 1988---- ‡a 1990---- ‡a 1991---- ‡b 5754 ‡c L7
     518 __ ‡3 Discs 1 and 3 ‡o recorded ‡d 1990 ‡p Rosslyn Hill Chapel, Hampstead, London.
     518 __ ‡3 Disc 2 ‡o recorded ‡d 1991 ‡p Rosslyn Hill Chapel, Hampstead, London.
     518 __ ‡3 Disc 4 ‡o recorded ‡d 1988 ‡p Rosslyn Hill Chapel, Hampstead, London.
OCLC #829993730
     033 10 19940628 ‡a 19940629 ‡a 19940428 ‡a 19940429 ‡b 6299 ‡c B3
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 1-6 ‡o recorded ‡d 1994 June 13-14 ‡p Saal 1, Deutschland Radio Berlin.
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 7-15 ‡o recorded ‡d 1994 April 28-29 ‡p Saal 1, Deutschland Radio Berlin.

Multiple places and dates of capture:
OCLC #826859539
     033 00 19300602 ‡b 5834 ‡c P3
     033 00 1930---- ‡b 3804 ‡c N4
     033 00 19310513 ‡b 5754 ‡c L7
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 1-2 ‡o recorded ‡d 1930 June 2 ‡p Salle Chopin, Paris.
     518 __ ‡3 Track 3 ‡o recorded ‡d 1930 ‡p New York.
     518 __ ‡3 Tracks 4-11 ‡o recorded ‡d 1931 May 12-13 ‡p Studio C, Small Queen's Hall, London.
OCLC #818251761
     518 __ ‡o DVD segments filmed ‡d 1974-2008, ‡p various locations in Norway.
     518 __ ‡o CD recorded ‡d 2008 June, ‡p Sollia, Norway.

LC-PCC PS: In addition to recording the language of the primary content, also supply the languages of other content (summaries, tables of contents, etc.) if it will assist identification and selection.

Form of language:
When naming a language in a note, base the name on the form found in the current edition of MARC Code List for Languages [155], which provides for some alternatives to the language names in ISO 639-2, in order to correlate the MARC language names with those used in Library of Congress Subject Headings. Note the following when using the names from the code list:
1. Use the name found in boldface type.
2. Use the name for a specific language rather than the name of a language group.
3. Do not include parenthetical dates that appear with the name.
4. Retain other parenthetical qualifiers that appear with the name.
5. For the early form of a modern language that is found in an inverted form, use the early form in direct order within parentheses following the modern language.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. That is, routinely record language for the following linguistic content:
     ° Text underlying printed music (scores) (008/35-35, 041 ‡a)
     ° Sung or spoken text (sound recordings) (008/35-35, 041 ‡d)
     ° Text presented separately (e.g., librettos) (041 ‡e)
     ° Subtitles (041 ‡j)
     ° Language of accompanying text (e.g., critical commentary, program notes) (041 ‡g)
If readily ascertainable, also record:
     ° Original language of printed, sung or spoken text (041 ‡h)
     ° Original language of text presented separately (e.g., librettos) (041 ‡n)
     ° Original language of accompanying text (‡m)
Optionally, explain the language content in a 546 field (for primary language content) and/or a 500 field (for accompanying text), if deemed useful for identification and access.

Examples:
Single language, no accompanying material:
201256436
     lang: tat
     546 __ Tatar words.
2012564436
     lang: eng
     546 __ Sung and spoken in English

Single language, with accompanying material in the same language:
2012317063
     lang: por
     546 __ Portuguese words.
     500 __ Program notes and commentaries in Portuguese.

Single language, with accompanying material in a different language:
2012563317
     lang: lat
     041 0_ ‡a lat ‡g ger
     546 __ Latin words.
     500 __ ‡a Includes critical report in German.

Single language, with accompanying material in the same language and one other language:
2013560384
     lang: alb
     041 0_ ‡a alb ‡g alb ‡g eng
     546 __ Albanian words.
     500 __ Introduction in Albanian and English.

Multiple languages, neither of which is a translation of the other:
2011568076
     041 0_ ‡a eng ‡a lat
     500 __ Words in English or Latin.

Multiple languages, one of which is the translated language:
2011564848
     lang: mul
     041 1_ ‡a eng ‡a mac ‡a scr ‡a slv ‡a srr ‡h mac ‡h scr ‡h slv ‡h srr
     546 __ Texts in English and the original languages: Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, and Slovenian.

Multiple languages, none of which is a translation; with accompanying material:
2013560342
     lang: mul
     041 0_ ‡a ger ‡a gre ‡a lat ‡e ger ‡e gre ‡e lat ‡e eng ‡g eng ‡n gre ‡n lat
     546 __ Latin, Greek, and German words.
     500 __ Composer's notes in English also include texts with English translation.

Multiple languages, only the predominant listed; with accompanying material in one of the languages:
2010563377
     041 0_ ‡a eng ‡a lat ‡g eng
     546 __ Principally English and Latin words.
     500 __ Includes notes by the composer.

Single translated language; the original language is not included in the resource:
2012564241
     041 1_ ‡a eng ‡h ger
     546 __ Words in English; originally in German.

Two languages one of which is a translation of the other:
2012564402
     041 1_ ‡a ger ‡a ita ‡h ita
     546 __ Italian words with interlinear German translation.

Two languages, one of which is a translation of the other; includes accompanying material in both languages:
2012560098
     lang: ger
     041 1_ ‡a ger ‡a eng ‡h ger ‡g ger ‡g eng
     546 __ German words with underlaid English translation.
     500 __ Preface in German and English.
2013560514
     041 1_ ‡a eng ‡a ger ‡g eng ‡g ger ‡h ger ‡m ger
     546 __ German words with English translation by Henry S. Drinker revised by John Coombs.
     500 __ Preface in German with English translation.
2013568182
     041 1_ ‡a eng ‡a cze ‡e cze ‡e eng ‡g eng ‡h cze
     546 __ English and Czech words; translated from Czech.
     500 __ Preface includes biography and notes on opera in English.
     500 __ "Czech pronunciation guide with English equivalent sounds and translation"--Page [10].

Two languages, neither of which is a translation of the other; includes accompanying material in two languages, one of which is a translation of the other:
2012564395
     lang: nor
     041 0_ ‡a nor ‡a ger ‡a eng ‡e nor ‡e ger ‡e eng ‡g eng ‡g ger ‡m nor ‡n eng
     546 __ Norwegian and German words with English translation also printed as text preceding each song.
     500 __ Preface in English with German translation.

(7.13.2.4) Record details of the script or scripts used to express the language content of the resource if they are considered to be important for identification or selection.
LC practice/PCC practice: When recording complex notes involving multiple languages, record information about both the language and script in ‡a (Language note) of 546 field (language and script in same subfield because ‡a is not repeatable).

Examples:
2012564287
     546 __ English and Russian (Cyrillic) words.
2013568120
     546 __ Russian words with transliteration.
2012560180
     546 __ Chinese words, transliterated.
2012563459
     lang: heb
     041 0_ ‡a heb ‡g hrv ‡g heb ‡g eng ‡h hrv
     546 __ Hebrew words (romanized).
     500 __ Includes preface in Croatian and comments in Croatian, Hebrew, and English.

Encode multiple designations of form of musical notation and/or statements of details of form of musical notation in a single 546 field, in separate occurrences of ‡b. Capitalize the first word of each designation of form of musical notation and/or details of form of musical notation and separate each with a semi-colon (;).

Examples:
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation; ‡b Tablature.
     546 __ ‡b Verbal instructions.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation; ‡b Chord symbols; ‡b Guitar chord diagrams.
          ° for a "piano-vocal-guitar" score
2012336791
     546 __ ‡b Letter notation.
OCLC #823679510
     546 __ ‡b Graphic notation.
2013565066
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
     546 __ ‡b Graphic notation in the 5th movement.
OCLC #792796794
     546 __ ‡b Italian lute tablature.
2012428885
     546 ‡b Neumatic notation.
2012413279
     500 __ Number notation.
OCLC #793601939
     500 __ "Read-A-Rhythm Notation"--caption.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: MLA recommendation: Follow LC-PCC PS. Encode form of musical notation and/or details of form of musical notation in a separate 546 field from language and script.
Examples:
2013560384
     546 __ Albanian words.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013568178
     546 __ Macedonian words.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013560511
     546 __ French words with Ukrainian translation.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2012336791
     546 __ Words in Telugu.
     546 __ ‡b Letter notation.

chord symbols and chord diagrams:
LC practice shows "Chord symbols" and "chord diagrams" tagged in both 500 and 546. However, as Valerie Weinberg (CL) pointed out on MLA-L [157] on 3/10/14 "'Chord symbols' is given as an example under 7.13.3.4, which maps to the 546."

2011569041
     500__ Consists of single melodic lines with chord symbols.
2012562902
     500__ Melody lines with chord symbols and guitar chord and keyboard chord diagrams.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013561032
     500__ Includes chord symbols.
2010562780
     500__ In staff notation with tablature and fingering diagrams.
2013568126
     500__ For voice and piano with guitar chord diagrams.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013566839
     500 __ Includes chord symbols and ukulele chord diagrams.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013562044
     500 __ Originally for voice and orchestra, accompaniment arranged for piano; includes chord symbols and chord diagrams for ukelele, guitar, and banjo.
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation.
2013568495
     500 __ Includes chord symbols, guitar chord diagrams, and interlinear words.
2013568122
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation. Includes tablature and chord symbols.
2013560058
     546 __ ‡b Staff notation, with chord symbols.

Alternative: Record the type of illustrative content in place of or in addition to the term illustration or illustrations, if it is considered to be important for identification or selection, using one or more appropriate terms from the list below.
music-specific: facsimiles illuminations photographs portraits
LC practice/PCC practice for Alternative: Generally do not record the type of illustrative content in place of or in addition to the term illustration or illustrations.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. In other cases, record illustrative content if deemed useful for identification and access.

Examples:
2010563374
     300 __ 1 score (various pagings) : ‡b illustrations ; ‡c 31 cm
2012428885
     300 __ 1 score (approximately 600 unnumbered pages) : ‡b illustrations (color) ; ‡c 34 cm
2013568120
     300 __ 1 score (157 pages) : ‡b color illustrations ; ‡c 30 cm.
2012562401
     300 __ 1 score (478 pages) : ‡b facsimiles ; ‡c 32 cm
2010562278
     300 __ 1 score (32 pages) : ‡b portrait ; ‡c 31 cm

If none of the terms listed above is appropriate or sufficiently specific, record details of illustrative content as instructed under 7.15.1.4.

Optional addition: Record the number of illustrations if their number can be ascertained readily (e.g., when the illustrations are listed and their numbers stated).

2006933958
     500 __ Includes works list.
2012563742
     500 __ Includes alphabetical and metrical indexes.
2012564419
     500 __ Includes program notes, performance instructions, and biographical information.
2010562595
     500 __ Includes biographical note with partial works list.
2012495210
     504 __ "Chronik und Werkverzeichnis": pages 337-348 and "Schriftenverzeichnis": pages 350-355.
2012563878
     500 __ "Fonti manoscritti della musica strumentale di Giovanni Battista Martini": pages iv-v.
2013560313
     500 __ Includes notes on performance and information about "paraphernalia" needed to modify the piano and listing of percussion instruments used.

LC-PCC PS: Record the presence of supplementary content in a note when the resource contains sections of special importance or would assist with identification or selection. Routinely consider the following as being important for selection:
bibliographies and bibliographical references, discographies, and filmographies, and indexes; appendices; errata slips that are not printed as part of the publication.
Give pagination or foliation unless the sections are scattered through the resource.

For the types of notes shown in the following examples, generally prefer a standardized construct, rather than a quotation from the resource:
2010476843
     504 __ Discography: pages 327-331.

If a publication contains bibliographical citations in any form, generally use the following note:
2012560741
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references.

If there is a single bibliography, add the foliation/pagination to the note.
2010494901
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (page 301).
2010538637
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-180).
With respect to bibliographic citations and bibliographies, interpret the phrase "bibliographical references" to include all kinds of resources, including electronic resources; do not give any special treatment to, or provide special mention of, the latter if using this general bibliographical reference note.

Other examples:
2012423091
     504 __ Includes bibliography, discography, filmography, and WWW references (pages [199]-218).
2011493568
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (pages 239-240), discography (pages 241-242), and index.
2012423093
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (page [184]), discography (page [174]), and index.
2012468429
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (pages 389-403), filmography (page 403), discography (pages 403-407) and index.
2012023749
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-151), videography (pages 141-143), discography (pages 127-139), and index.
2011404152
     500 __ Includes discography (pages 232-235) and index.
2012027150
     504 __ Includes bibliographical references and discography.
2012027150
     504 __ Discography: pages 172-173.

• score (a graphical, symbolic, or word-based musical notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble or a work for solo performer or electronic media)
       Best practices for music cataloging, draft: Note that the RDA definition of "score" includes music for a solo performer
• condensed score (score in which the number of staves is reduced to two or a few, generally organized by instrumental sections or vocal parts, and often with cues for individual parts; used for close score, reduced score, short score)
• study score (score issued in a musical image of reduced size, not primarily intended for use in performance. A descriptive phrase such as "Study score," "Miniature score," "Taschenpartitur," "Partition de poche," etc., usually appears on the resource)
• piano conductor part (performance part for a piano performer in an ensemble, with cues for the other instruments that enable the performer of that part also to conduct)
• violin conductor part (a performance part for a violin performer in an ensemble, with cues for the other instruments that enable the performer of that part also to conduct)
• vocal score (a score showing all vocal parts, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted)
• piano score (a reduction of an instrumental work or a vocal work with instruments to a version for piano. May include the words of a vocal work)
• chorus score (a score of a work for solo voices and chorus showing only the parts for chorus, at least in those portions of the work in which the chorus sings, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted)
• part (a component consisting of the music for the use of one or more, but not all, performers)
• choir book (a large music book made to be placed on a stand in front of a choir. Each part is notated separately, usually in the configuration that presents, when the book is open, the soprano and tenor parts on the verso of a leaf, and the alto and bass parts on the recto of the next leaf.)
• table book (a music book made to be placed on a table and displayed in such a way that the performers can read their parts while seated or standing across or around the table. Each part is notated separately, usually in a configuration that presents, when the book is open, different parts in inverted and/or perpendicular positions)

If none of the terms listed is appropriate or sufficiently specific, record details of the format of notated music as instructed under 7.20.1.4.

Examples:
2012563885
     500 __ Optional voice part (13 x 21 cm) inserted.
2012465494
     500 __ Includes some loose leaves inserted in each part to facilitate page turns.
OCLC #734038034
     500 __ Additional parts provided for flute, clarinet and bassoon to facilitate page turns.

Use abbreviations for voices as instructed in Appendix B.5.6:

Examples:
2012563879
     500 __ For 4 trumpets, 3 tenor trombones, bass trombone, 6 horns, and tuba or contrabass tuba.
2012564384
     500 __ For 2 violins, viola, and cello.
2012562873
     500 __ For flute/alto flute, oboe/English horn, clarinet, horn, trumpet, trombone, percussion (2 players), harp, 2 violins, and cello.
2013570500
     500 __ For solo piano (volumes 1-4), three pianos/pianists (volume 5), and five pianos/pianists (volume 6).
2012562450
     500 __ Includes off-stage female voice, measures 1-43.
2011567286
     500 __ 500 Accompaniment for piano, bass and drum set.
2010498234
     500 __ 500 For (variously) soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, baritone, bass and bass buffo (ad libitum) alternating the solo part; with orchestra.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Apply this element when the medium of performance is not adequately described by the title or by using controlled vocabularies.
Potential applications include, but are not limited to:
     ° specific choral parts (e.g., SATB)
     ° key and/or range of specific instruments
     ° original medium of work of which an arrangement is being cataloged
     ° alternative medium specified in the resource
     ° presence/absence of figured bass and realization of a continuo part

Examples:
2010562151
     500 __ For unaccompanied SSSAATB chorus.
2010562157
     500 __ For TTTBarBarB chorus.
2012564450
     500 __ For flute (and piccolo), clarinet (and bass clarinet), violin, cello, percussion, and piano.
2012563218
     500 __ For two 2 pianos, each with a separate instrumental group: group 1, piano no. 1: flute, bassoon, horn in F, trumpet in C, percussion, violin and cello; group 2, piano no. 2: oboe, clarinet, trombone, tuba, percussion, viola and double bass.
2012564286
     500 __ For clarinet and bass clarinet.
2012562871
     500 __ For flute/piccolo/alto flute, clarinet/bass clarinet, violin, cello, and percussion.
          title has: for amplified flute, clarinet, violin, violoncello, and percussion
2013560448
     500 __ For oboe, soprano saxophone, clarinet, bass clarinet, and bassoon.
2013560336
     500 __ For flute/alto flute, clarinet/bass clarinet, percussion, piano, violin, viola, and cello.
2011568390
     500 __ Accompaniment arranged for piano, with unrealized figured bass.
OCLC #816514318
     500 __ Figured bass realized for keyboard instrument.
OCLC #832709272
     500 __ Figured bass realized for harpsichord; includes continuo part for violoncello, viola da gamba, or bassoon.
OCLC #821263276
     500 __ Figured bass not realized.

"Hybrid" notes may be constructed stating both genre/form (see 7.2) and medium of performance, especially if compilations of diverse works can be thus described more concisely than by giving the elements separately.

Examples:
2012564241
     500 __ Spoken canon; for SATB chorus.
OCLC #821263276
     500 __ Oratorio for Holy Week; for SSTB soloists, SATB chorus, and orchestra.

If the total playing time, running time, etc.,
     ° is stated on the resource, record the time stated.
     ° is not stated on the resource but is readily ascertainable, record it.
     ° is neither stated on the resource nor readily ascertainable, record an approximate time preceded by approximately.
     ° cannot be approximated, omit it.

Optional addition: If the actual playing time, running time, etc., differs significantly from the time stated on the resource, record the stated playing time followed by that is and the actual playing time, running time, etc.
Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].
Alternative: If the resource consists of more than one unit, and the units have a stated uniform playing time, running time, etc., or an approximate uniform playing time, running time, etc., record the playing time, running time, etc., of each unit followed by each.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]:
     ° Give total duration if the resource embodies one work/expression.
     ° Encode in 300 ‡a, a 500 note and/or a 306 field.
     ° Generally do not apply the alternative.
     ° Optionally, give total duration even if the resource embodies multiple works/expressions, if deemed useful for identification and access;
          » in this case, give total duration in 300 ‡a, and durations of the individual works/expressions in a 500 note and/or a 306 field.

Examples:
OCLC #825042684
     300 __ 1 audio disc (69 min., 22 sec.)
OCLC #830545492
     300 __ 1 compact disc (9 1/2 hours)
OCLC #832452812
     300 __ 1 audio disc (52 min., 31 sec.)
     306 __ 005331
OCLC #714747381
     300 __ 2 audio discs (65 min., 52 sec.; 79 min., 10 sec.)
     306 __ 006552 ‡a 007910
OCLC #828930214
     300 __ 1 audio disc (68 min., 25 sec.)
     306 __ 001524 ‡a 001854 ‡a 001042 ‡a 002323
     505 0_ Partita in E flat major (15:24) -- Eccosais (4:02) -- Partita in B flat major (18:54) -- Sextetto in C minor (10:42) -- Partita in E flat major (23:23).

Examples:
2012563880
     500 __ Duration: 2 min., 40 sec.
2013560441
     500 __ Duration: 4 min., 1 sec.
2012564419
     500 __ Duration: approximately 1 hr, 2 min.
2012564291
     500 __ Duration: 7:51.
2013560372
     500 __ Duration: approximately 8 min.
2010563380
     500 __ Duration: approximately 12 min., 30 sec.
2012563876
     500 __ Duration: 4 1/2 min.
2011568214
     500 __ Duration: about 5 min.
2012564324
     500 __ Duration: 8 minutes.
2010562591
     500 __ Duration: approximately 8 minutes.
2012563886
     500 __ Duration: 16-18 min.
2011567218
     500 __ Duration: approximately 25:00.
2012563110
     500 __ Duration: c. 14:00.
2011567206
     500 __ Duration: 15:00.

Examples:
OCLC #823228641
     300 __ 1 audio disc
     306 __ 000400 ‡a 000739 ‡a 000211 ‡a 000518 ‡a 000331 ‡a 001304 ‡a 000500 ‡a 000400
     505 0_ The "festive" overture (4:00) ; Gov gurvan saikhan : symphonic picture (7:39) ; Song of Mother (2:11) / Ts. Namsraizhav ...
OCLC #828019849
     245 00 Violin concerto in A minor, op. 82 ; Meditation : in D major, op. 32 ; Mazurka-oberek : in D major / ‡c Aleksandr Glazunov. Concerto quasi una fantasia in B flat major, op. 21 / Othmar Schoeck.
     300 __ 1 audio disc (69 min., 11 sec.)
     306 __ 002052 ‡a 000415 ‡a 000956 ‡a 003406
     500 __ Durations: 20:52; 4:15; 9:56; 34:06.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: For audio and video recordings, routinely give performers, narrators and/or presenters in a 511 field. Optionally, give names of members of a musical group in parentheses after the name of the group, if deemed useful for identification and access.

Examples:
OCLC #793520422
     511 0_ Per Anders Buen Garnås, hardanger fiddle.
OCLC #828930214
     511 0_ Amphion Wind Octet.
OCLC #832461921
     511 0_ Cleveland Quartet ; Yo-Yo Ma, cello.
OCLC #820266468
     511 0_ Frans Brüggen, recorder ; Anner Bylsma, violoncello ; Gustav Leonhardt, harpsichord.
OCLC #793586309
     511 0_ Majorstuen (Jorun Marie Kvernberg; Andreas Ljones; Gjermund Larsen; Tove Dalbakk; Synnøve S. Bjørset; Ragnhild Furebotten)
OCLC #818251761
     511 0_ Personnel varies between performances, but members include: Sven Nyhus, fele (fiddle) ; Tore Løvgreen, trekkspill (accordion) ; Arne Sigurd Haugen, guitar ; Martin Thue, Giara bass, Jan Erik Konshaug, guitar ; Håkon Nilsen, Giara bass.

If there are numerous works/expressions embodied in the resource, and there are performers, etc. who perform only in some of the works/expressions, give all performers names, qualified by a designation for the works/expressions involved, if feasible. Optionally, give "Various performers" if giving fuller detail is not feasible or not deemed useful for identification and access.

Examples:
OCLC #829815414
     511 0_ Andrei Bondarenko, baritone (2nd work) ; Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra ; Andrew Litton, conductor.
OCLC #826876197
     511 0_ Mdi Ensemble (1st, 4th, 6th works) ; Jacopo Bigi, electric violin (2nd work) ; Sonia Formenti, flute (3rd work) ; Luca Ieracitano, piano (5th work) ; RepertorioZero (7th work).
OCLC #823380097
     511 0_ Ensemble Pi (Airi Yoshioka, violin; Claire Bryant, cello; Idith Meshulam, piano) (1st, 3rd, 7th works); Cassatt String Quartet (2nd work); Idith Meshulam, piano (3rd, 6th works); Colorado String Quartet (5th work).
OCLC #838603958
     511 0_ Henri Texier, bass guitar, double bass, oud, percussion, bendir, voice (variously); with various musicians.
OCLC #828935506
     511 0_ Various performers and groups.

Examples:
OCLC #823641305
     508 Recording engineer, Li Dakang.
OCLC #836784816
     508 Producer, Paolo Piangiarelli; recording engineer, Paolo Falascone.
OCLC #829706010
     508 Produced by Glen Roven, Peter Fitzgerald, Richard Cohen.
OCLC #828860468
     508 Original album produced by Thomas Z. Shepard.
OCLC #839297327
     508 Executive producer, Jorge T. Cuevas; produced by Walter White, Jorge T. Cuevas; assistant producer, Steve Brown; recording and mixing engineer, Nate Silas Richardson.

Optional omission: If the number of units cannot be readily approximated, omit the number.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional omission: Apply the option.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow the LC-PCC PS for the the optional omission.

Optional omission: If the number of units cannot be readily ascertained or approximated, omit the number.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional omission: Apply the option.

Examples:
2011568072 2 identical scores (5 pages)

LC is also using the AACR2 way:
2013560265 2 scores (7 pages each)
2012560065 2 scores (11 pages each)
2013560505 2 scores (25 unnumbered pages each)

If the resource consists of multiple sets of units, and each set has identical content, record the number of sets and the number of units in each set.

Record the number of subunits, in parentheses, following the term designating the type of unit.

If the format of the resource parallels a print, manuscript, or graphic counterpart or if the resource consists of one or more files in a format that parallels a print, manuscript, or graphic counterpart (e.g., PDF), apply the instructions for extent (for notated music (3.4.3) or for text (3.4.5)) for:
(3.4.1.7.1) Computer discs, cartridges, etc.
     Optional addition: For a resource consisting of one or more program files and/or data files, add the number of statements and/or records, as appropriate.
     Best practices for music cataloging, draft: Routinely specify number of subunits for notated music content and audio files.
(3.4.1.7.4) Microfiches and microfilm
     Best practices for music cataloging, draft: Routinely specify number of subunits for notated music content.
(3.4.1.7.5) Online resources
Optional addition: For a resource consisting of one or more program files and/or data files, add the number of statements and/or records, as appropriate.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Routinely specify number of subunits for notated music content and audio files
For all of the instructions above:
° For other types of files (e.g., audio files, video files, data files), specify the number of files using one or more terms listed in 3.19.2.3 (audio file, data file, image file, program file, text file, video file) to designate the file type.
     ° If the number of subunits cannot be stated succinctly, record the details in a note if they are considered important for identification or selection

• score (a graphical, symbolic, or word-based musical notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble or a work for solo performer or electronic media)
       Best practices for music cataloging, draft: Note that the RDA definition of "score" includes music for a solo performer
• condensed score (score in which the number of staves is reduced to two or a few, generally organized by instrumental sections or vocal parts, and often with cues for individual parts; used for close score [used pre-RDA for hymnals, etc., not used in RDA], reduced score, short score)
• study score (score issued in a musical image of reduced size, not primarily intended for use in performance. A descriptive phrase such as "Study score," "Miniature score," "Taschenpartitur," "Partition de poche," etc., usually appears on the resource)
• piano conductor part (performance part for a piano performer in an ensemble, with cues for the other instruments that enable the performer of that part also to conduct)
• violin conductor part (a performance part for a violin performer in an ensemble, with cues for the other instruments that enable the performer of that part also to conduct)
• vocal score (a score showing all vocal parts, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted)
• piano score (a reduction of an instrumental work or a vocal work with instruments to a version for piano. May include the words of a vocal work)
• chorus score (a score of a work for solo voices and chorus showing only the parts for chorus, at least in those portions of the work in which the chorus sings, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted)
• part (a component consisting of the music for the use of one or more, but not all, performers)
• choir book (a large music book made to be placed on a stand in front of a choir. Each part is notated separately, usually in the configuration that presents, when the book is open, the soprano and tenor parts on the verso of a leaf, and the alto and bass parts on the recto of the next leaf.)
• table book (a music book made to be placed on a table and displayed in such a way that the performers can read their parts while seated or standing across or around the table. Each part is notated separately, usually in a configuration that presents, when the book is open, different parts in inverted and/or perpendicular positions)

If the resource consists of more than one type of unit, record the number of each applicable type in the order listed above, in the singular or plural, as applicable.

Specify the number of volumes and/or pages, leaves, or columns as instructed under 3.4.5, in parentheses, following the term designating the format of notated music.

Definitions from RDA:

• page a unit of extent of text consisting of a single side of a leaf
• leaf a unit of extent of text consisting of a single bound or fastened sheet of paper as a subunit of a volume; each leaf consists of two pages, one on each side, either or both of which may be blank
• sheet a flat piece of thin material (paper, plastic, etc.)
• volume one or more sheets bound or fastened together to form a single unit
• column a unit of extent of text consisting of one of two or more vertical sections of text appearing on the same page or leaf

Examples:
2013560266 1 score (31 pages)
2012564289 1 score (16 leaves)
2012563231 1 study score (49 pages)
2010562267 1 condensed score (24 pages)
2013560347 1 chorus score (9 leaves)
2010562779 1 vocal score (90 pages)
2012564397 1 score (viii, 20 pages)

Exceptions:
Resource containing a set of parts: when the resource contains a set of parts, record the number of parts but omit the number of volumes and/or pages, leaves, or columns applicable to the parts.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: For resources consisting of more than one type of unit, separate each type by space-"+"-space.
Generally do not encode extent for scores and parts in separate 300 fields.

Examples:
2010562265 1 score (3 pages) + 1 part (1 unnumbered leaf)
2012563230 1 score (39 pages) + 5 parts

Resource consisting of a score and one or more parts in a single physical unit: when the resource consists of both a score and one or more parts in a single physical unit, record the extent in the form 1 score and 4 parts, etc., followed by the number of pages, leaves, or columns, in parentheses.

Examples:
2011568467 1 vocal score and 1 part (4 pages)
2012562015 1 score (55 pages) and 1 condensed score (1 leaf)
2011477410 1 score (122 pages) and 1 piano score (125-156 pages)
2012564449 1 score (370 pages) and commentary (35 pages)

Examples:
2013560472 1 score (88 pages)
2012564298 1 score (57 leaves)
2012571936 1 score (1 leaf)
2012562149 1 score (19 sheets)

Exception: Record pages, etc., that are numbered in words by giving the numeric equivalent.

See 3.4.5.8 for complicated and irregular paging

LC-PCC PS LC practice: For LC original cataloging, usually follow method c)
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. Use the appropriate extent term for notated music instead of "volume."

Examples: Note that LC does not always follow the LC-PCC PS:
2011569059 1 vocal score (3 unnumbered pages)
2013560306 1 score (1 unnumbered leaf)
2012563224 1 score (unpaged)

When the resource consists of both numbered and unnumbered sequences of pages, leaves, or columns, disregard the unnumbered sequences, unless:
     ° an unnumbered sequence constitutes a substantial part of the resource
     or
     ° an unnumbered sequence includes pages, etc., that are referred to in a note.

When recording a sequence of unnumbered pages, etc., record either:
     ° the exact number (if the number is readily ascertainable) followed by unnumbered pages, etc.
     or
     ° an estimated number preceded by approximately
     or
     ° unnumbered sequence of pages, etc.

LC-PCC PS LC practice: For LC original cataloging, usually follow method c above.

Examples: Note that LC does not always follow the LC-PCC PS:
2013568519 1 vocal score (1 unnumbered leaf)
2010562254 1 score (58 numbered and unnumbered pages)
2012564329 1 score (63 pages, 69 unnumbered sequence of pages)
2012428885 1 score (approximately 600 unnumbered pages)
2012560673 1 score (approximately 82 sheets)
#852125564 1 score (21 pages, 7 unnumbered pages)

Examples:
2010562275 1 score (24 pages, that is, 28 pages)
2012560221 1 score (41 leaves, that is, 164 pages)
#14153295 1 score (21, that is, 29 pages)

LC-PCC PS LC practice: For LC original cataloging, usually follow method c.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. Use the appropriate extent term for notated music instead of "volume."

Examples:
2013560445 1 score (various pagings)
2010562148 1 vocal score (various pagings)
2012564393 1 score (27 leaves, 29 leaves, 21 leaves)
2013568397 1 score (1 unnumbered leaf, 26 pages)
2014563041 1 score (1 page, 4 unnumbered pages)

Disregard unnumbered sequences of plates, unless:
     ° an unnumbered sequence of plates forms a substantial part of the resource (see also 3.4.5.8)
     or
     ° an unnumbered sequence includes plates that are referred to in a note.

Examples:
2012479786 228 pages, 6 pages of plates
2011516336 802 pages, xii pages of color plates
2012011210 xiii, 133 pages, 16 pages of plates
2012445123 77 pages, 32 unnumbered pages of plates
2012009372 viii, 276 pages, 8 unnumbered pages of plates
2011322946 xiii, 328 pages, 40 unnumbered pages of plates

If the sheet is designed to be read in pages when folded, record the extent as 1 folded sheet followed by the number of imposed pages, in parentheses.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: This rule does not apply to notated music.
Describe notated music on a numbered single sheet as "1 leaf" if only one side is numbered or as "pages" if both sides are numbered.
If the sheet is unnumbered, describe it as "1 unnumbered leaf" if there is printing on one side or as "unnumbered pages" if there is printing on both sides.
However, note that the carrier type (3.3 [159]) for a single sheet of notated music is still "sheet."

Examples:
2013560306 1 score (1 unnumbered leaf)
2011568466 1 vocal score (1 unnumbered leaf)
2012562021 1 score (2 unnumbered pages)
     338 field [159]: sheet ‡2 rdacarrier

Examples:
2012560825 1 score (5 volumes)
2013568430 1 study score (2 volumes)

Optional addition: For multipart monographs and serials, omit the number of pages, etc.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional omission: Do not omit the pages for multipart monographs.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow the LC-PCC PS for the the optional omission.

Example:
1 score (2 volumes (588 pages))

Optional addition: Specify the number of pages, leaves, or columns in each volume, in parentheses, following the term designating the type of unit.
LC practice/PCC practice for Optional omission: Generally apply the optional addition.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow the LC-PCC PS for the the optional addition. Give pagination only if the total extent of the resource is known (i.e. the number of units is given).

Example:
1 score (2 volumes (vi, 150; vii, 165 pages))

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Do not apply this rule to notated music. Describe notated music on multiple unbound sheets by combining an extent term with the number of leaves or pages, as appropriate.
However, note that the carrier type (3.3 [159]) for a single sheet of notated music is still "sheet."

Example:
2012564298 1 score (57 leaves)

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS, that is, record dimensions in all cases.

Examples:
2012564354 27 cm
2013560449 26 cm.
     Note: a period follows "cm" in this example because the element is followed by a series statement.

If the width of the volume is either less than half the height or greater than the height, record the height x width.

Examples:
2012563889 21 x 30 cm
2012563869 28 x 42 cm

Example:
2012562260 67 x 42 cm folded to 42 x 34 cm

Examples:
2012562413 1 score (6 pages) + 1 part (3 pages)
2010562265 1 score (3 pages) + 1 part (1 unnumbered leaf)

° More than one carrier of the same type but different sizes: record the dimensions of the smallest or smaller and the largest or larger size

Example:
2012562185 20 x 24 cm-40 x 30 cm

Alternative: If the carriers are all of two sizes, record both. If they are of more than two sizes, record the dimensions of the largest followed by or smaller.
Exception: Notated music: If the resource consists of more than one carrier of differing sizes, record the dimensions of each carrier containing a different type of unit in the order in which the units are listed under 7.20.1.3.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS for the alternative. Apply the exception for notated music by encoding dimensions of each carrier in after the extent of that carrier, in separate occurrences of 300 ‡c and ‡a, respectively.

Example:
2010562619 1 score (18 leaves) ; ‡c 37 cm + ‡a 1 part (8 leaves) ; ‡c 32 cm

° More than one type of carrier of the same type and size: Follow 3.1.4.2: Recording carrier type, extent, and other characteristics of each carrier:
Record in addition to carrier type (3.3 [159]) and extent (3.4), other characteristics as applicable to each carrier or carrier type

Persons include fictitious entities, such as literary figures, legendary figures, etc.

If the name consists of several parts, record as the first element that part of the name under which the person would normally be listed in authoritative alphabetic lists in the person's language, country of residence, or country of activity. Record the other part or parts of the name following the first element.
Exception: If a person's preference is known to be different from normal usage, follow that preference when choosing the part of the name to be recorded as the first element.

° Consider an individual to have more than one identity when the individual:
     » uses one or more pseudonyms^* (including joint pseudonyms)
     » uses his or her real name as well as one or more pseudonyms
° Record as a variant name a name that was not chosen as the preferred name for an identity (9.2.3.10).

     ^*RDA definition of pseudonym: A name used by a person (either alone or in collaboration with others) that is not the person's real name.

Exception:
° If an individual uses only one pseudonym and does not use his or her real name as a creator or contributor, choose the pseudonym as the preferred name.
     » Record the individual's real name as a variant name (9.2.3.10).

Record the surname as the first element:

Omit terms of honour and terms of address from any name that includes a surname unless:
     ° the name consists only of a surname (9.2.2.9.3
     or
     ° the name is of a married person identified only by a partner's name and a term of address 9.2.2.9.4

Take regular or occasional initializing of a part preceding a surname as an indication that the part is not used as part of the surname.

Record as variant names forms of the name using other parts of the compound surname as the first element (9.2.3.10).

Record as a variant name a form using another part as the first element (9.2.3.10). The first element of the variant name can be another part of the prefix or the part of the name following the prefix.

Record as the first element the part of the name under which the person is listed in reference sources.
     In case of doubt, record the last part of the name as the first element, applying the instructions at 9.2.2.9.2.
If a person is commonly associated with a place of origin or residence, an occupation, or other characteristics (in resources associated with the person or in reference sources), include these words or phrases as an integral part of the name, preceding such words or phrases by a comma.

Treat a roman numeral associated with a given name as an integral part of the name (e.g., in the case of some popes, royalty, and ecclesiastics).

Record as variant names, as appropriate:
     ° forms using the associated words or phrases as the first element (9.2.3.10)
     ° other language forms of the name (9.2.3.9)
     ° other names by which the person is known (9.2.3.10)

Record a variant name when it is different from the name recorded as the preferred name.

Record as a variant name:
     ° a name or form of name used by a person
     or
     ° a name or form of name found in reference sources
     or
     ° a form of name resulting from a different transliteration of the name.

Also apply instructions about recording variant names at 9.2.2.5 [161]-9.2.2.26, as applicable.

Scores issued with parts: Generally apply 2.1.2.3 a) and treat the score (along with a cover^* or wrapper if present) as a source of information identifying the resource as a whole.

• ^*Cover is not defined in RDA; nor was it defined in AACR2. Richard Smiraglia described it in Cataloging Sheet Music : Guidelines for Use with AACR2 as "a wrapper made of material different from that used throughout the rest of the publication. Covers may be made of vellum, paper, fabric, plastic, etc. A paper page is a wrapper if any of the following differ from the score itself: color, texture, thickness, or type. Covers may or may not feature elaborate lettering or illustrations. Despite the popular usage of this term among collectors, most sheet music does not have covers but rather decorative or illustrated title pages." The term "wrapper" is also not defined in RDA.

  Best practices for music cataloging [39] includes the following instruction on determining covers as a source of information:
       ° Use cataloger's judgment in determining whether or not the resource has a cover.
       ° Generally consider a cover to be made of substantially different material (e.g., heavier or different colored paper) than the paper on which the music is printed.

Sets of parts with no score:

• ° includes cover or wrapper: generally apply 2.1.2.3 a) and treat it as a source of information identifying the resource as a whole.
• ° no cover or wrapper: apply 2.1.2.3 d) and select one of the parts as the main part
        » give preference to parts that would generally appear first in score order
• ° Include a note on the source of title

• ° treat the book/score as the source of information identifying the resource as a whole (2.1.2.3 c) and apply 2.2.2.2 when
  • ° the audio/video carrier is affixed to the cover or endpapers of the book/score
• ° treat the audio/video carrier as the source of information identifying the resource as a whole (2.1.2.3 d) and apply 2.2.2.3 or 2.2.2.4 when:
  • ° the book/score and audio/video carrier are housed in a single container, such as a box containing a CD jewel case and a book)
  • ° the book/score is inserted into the container, such as a booklet in a jewel case)
  • ° the book/score is the same size as the audio/video carrier

(2.2.2.4) Preferred source of information for sound recordings: Other resources (not covered under 2.2.2.2 or 2.2.2.3 (moving images)).
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: This rule applies to all audio carriers.

• ° cover
• ° caption
• ° masthead^*
• ° colophon
• ° another source on the resource
  • » give preference to sources in which the information is formally presented

^*a statement printed in a fixed position in each edition or issue of a newspaper, magazine, etc., giving the publication's name, the names of the owner and staff, contact information, etc.

• ° label bearing a title that is permanently printed on or affixed to the resource
  • » this excludes accompanying material or a contain
• or
• ° embedded metadata in textual form that contains a title, such as metadata embedded in a MP3 audio file
• ° another source on the resource
  • » give preference to sources in which the information is formally presented

• ° accompanying material
• ° a container not issued as part of the resource
• ° published descriptions of the resource
• ° any other available source (e.g., a reference source)

When information supplied for any of the elements below is taken from a source outside the resource itself, indicate it in a note or enclose the information in square brackets:

• ° title: title proper, parallel title proper, other title information, parallel other title information
  ° statement of responsibility: statement of responsibility (and parallel statement of responsibility) relating to title proper
  ° edition statement: designation (and parallel designation) of edition or of a named revision of an edition; statement of responsibility (and parallel statement) relating to the edition or to a named revision of an edition
  ° numbering of serials: (see 2.2.4 for list)
  ° production, publication, or distribution statements: place (and parallel place) of production, publication, or distribution; name (and parallel) name of producer, publisher, or manufacturer; date of production, publication, or distribution
  ° series statement: title proper (and parallel title proper) of series and subseries; other title information (and parallel other title information) of series and subseries; statement of responsibility (and parallel statement) relating to series and subseries; numbering within series and subseries

  LC practice/PCC practice: Use square brackets if information taken from a source outside a resource itself is supplied in any of the elements listed. However, apply the exception in this instruction if the resource is of a type that does not normally carry identifying information.

If there is more than one identifier for the manifestation, prefer an internationally recognized identifier, if applicable.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: MLA recommendation: If feasible, record all standard identifiers present on the item, including but not limited to the following. MARC coding is indicated in parentheses:
   ° ISBN (020)
   ° ISMN (024/1st indicator 2)
   ° EAN or ISMN-13 (024/1st indicator 3)
   ° UPC (024/1st indicator 1)
   ° Issue number (sound recordings) (028/1st indicator 0)
   ° Matrix number (sound recordings) (028/1st indicator 1)
   ° Videorecording number (028/1st indicator 4)

Record any identifier associated with the original manifestation as an identifier for a related manifestation (27.1).

Alternative: If there are more than three identifiers for individual parts, record only the first identifier and the last identifier.
     ° If the identifiers are
          » consecutive, separate them by a hyphen.
          » not consecutive, separate them by a diagonal slash.
LC practice/PCC practice for Alternative: Do not give a span; give each identifier.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. This includes cases where scores and parts bear separate identifiers.
Follow LC-PCC PS for alternative.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, record all publisher's and distributor's numbers appearing on the item.
Record the name of the publisher or distributor associated with the number in 028 ‡b, in the same form as that transcribed in the publisher's/distributor's name element.
For reprint scores, optionally record the publisher's number(s) pertaining to the original manifestation in 028/1st indicator 3. Do this in addition to formulating a structured or unstructured description of the related manifestation (27.1).
     ° If this description includes the publisher's number(s), set 2nd indicator to 0.

Example:
2013560123 Edition Peters no. 7531.
2013560103 Publisher's number: Edition Peters no. 7786.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, record all plate numbers appearing on the item.
Record the name of the publisher or distributor associated with the number in 028 ‡b, in the same form as that transcribed in the publisher's/distributor's name element.

When a designation such as "no.," "Nr.," "cat. no.," "Ed. Nr." appears with a plate number, do not consider it to be part of the number and do not record it with the number in 028/1st indicator 3). If, however, initials, abbreviations, or words identifying the publisher also appear with the number, transcribe the entire statement as it appears in a 500 note, even if this means giving again a publisher's name already transcribed as such. Do this in addition to recording the number in 028; set 2nd indicator to 0 in this case.

For reprint scores, optionally record the plate number(s) pertaining to the original manifestation in 028/1st indicator 2. Do this in addition to formulating a structured or unstructured description of the related manifestation (27.1).
     ° If this description includes the plate number(s), set 028 2nd indicator to 0.

When a plate number on a score has an additional number (often after a dash) corresponding to the number of pages or plates, record it as part of the plate number.
The plate number may optionally also be recorded without this additional number. For example:
     028 22 23009-11 ‡b Carl Fischer
     028 20 23009 ‡b Carl Fischer

An edition statement may include

• a designation of a named revision of an edition
• a statement or statements of responsibility relating to the edition and/or to a named revision of an edition
• statements designating the version of the work contained in an unpublished form (e.g., manuscript drafts, videorecordings that have not been commercially released or broadcast)

Record any edition statement relating to the original as an edition statement pertaining to a related manifestation (27.1).

Transcribe an edition statement as it appears on the source of information. Apply the general guidelines on transcription given under 1.7 [4].

LC-PCC PS: LC practice/PCC practice: If a resource lacks an edition statement but it is known to contain significant changes from other editions, supply a brief statement in the language and script of the title proper and enclose it in square brackets if considered necessary for identification.

Examples:
2010562256 250 First edition.
2012572206 250 Fourth edition.
2012562787 250 50th edition.
2013560111 250 First edition un-revised.
2011492492 250 1. edición.
2012437595 250 Wydanie I.
2012563881 250 Edizione fac-simile, 1860 (ca.).
2010562209 250 Composer's engraved facsimile edition.
2011568076 250 Revised edition.
2013568401 250 Studien-Edition.
2012564395 250 Urtext.
     ° See authority record no2012071348:
          » The word "Urtext" often appears on resources comprising notated music.
          » Give as a quoted note.
          » Covers all instances when this character string used by any publisher of notated music is considered to be a series-like phrase.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Separate multiple designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. in 250 by a comma.

Example:
2013560108 250 Revised, Full score.

If the resource consists of multiple issues or parts, including accompanying material, and there are edition statements relating to the whole as well as to parts, record only the edition statements relating to the whole resource.

Make a note giving edition statements relating to issues or parts if they are considered to be important for identification (2.20.4.3)

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: A common case in music is when a score, cataloged together with parts, bears the statement "Score" (or its equivalent). Per this rule, do not treat such a statement as a designation of edition, as it does not apply to the entire resource.
Note: LC is not following this recommendation:
2013560113 250 Score & parts, Full score.

A designation of edition is a word, character, or group of words and/or characters, identifying the edition to which a resource belongs.

In some languages the same term or terms may be used to designate both edition and printing.
A statement detailing the number of copies printed is not a designation of edition.

In case of doubt about whether a statement is a designation of edition, consider the presence of a word such as edition, issue, release, level, state, or update (or its equivalent in another language), or a statement indicating:
     ° a difference in content
     ° a difference in geographic coverage
     ° a difference in language
     ° a difference in audience
     ° a particular format or physical presentation
     ° a different date associated with the content
     ° a particular voice range or format for notated music
as evidence that such a statement is a designation of edition.

If a designation of edition consists of a letter or letters and/or a number or numbers (expressed either as numerals or as words) without accompanying words, add an appropriate word. Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].

If more than one designation of edition is being recorded, record the statements in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the statements on the source of information.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: The most common designations of edition in music resources fall into category g), "a statement indicating ... a particular voice range or format for notated music."

Treat a statement indicating a particular voice range that is not grammatically linked to the title, other title information, etc. as a designation of edition, whether or not it includes the word "edition" or its equivalent.

For the latter type ("format for notated music"), refer to the list of formats given at 7.20.1.3 [165] for guidance in determining whether the statement in question fits the scope or not.

Vocal scores and chorus scores are special cases inasmuch as they have dual identities: as a format of notated music (manifestation), subject to this rule, and as a type of arrangement (expression).

Examples:
2010562144 250 Score.
2013560313 250 Score is in C.
2012563883 250 Conductor's score.
2012563757 250 Playing score.
2012563875 250 A semi-improvisational score.
2012562554 250 Study score.
2010498234 250 Studienpartitiur.
2013560108 250 Revised, Full score.
2013560322 250 Score in C, Full score.
2014399229 250 First edition, Full score & 4 parts.
#841148520 250 Archive edition, score and parts with pre-recorded performance CD.
2010498234 250 Studienpartitiur.
2012560825 250 A performing edition.
2013560475 250 Critical performance edition for harp.
2010562155 250 Orchestral score and libretto.
2012465494 250 Score and parts.
2013560267 250 Scores & parts.

#818906209 250 High voice, corrected edition.
2012563872 250 Transposed score.
2012465681 250 Izdanie pervoe, klavir.
2011568369 250 Vollst. Klavierauszug mit Text.

#860906479 250 Partitur mit Orgelauszug.
2013560461 250 Solo part and piano reduction.
2013563000 250 Klavirski izvod = Reduction pour piano et mezzosoprano.
2012563882 250 Vocal score with piano accompaniment.

Do not treat other statements of arrangement, transposition, etc. as designations of edition; transcribe those statements as statements of responsibility, per 2.4 [18]. When in doubt, treat the statement as a statement of responsibility.

Example:
2010562156 245 10 Piano-vocal score for five scenes from Criseyde

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe all parallel designations of edition in 250 ‡b.
Examples:
2012562531 250 Score and parts = ‡b Partitur und Stimmen.
2012560098 250 Klavierauszug = ‡b Vocal score.

Any subsequent designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).
Examples:
2012415193 250 Erstdruck, Partitur und Stimmen = ‡b First print, score and parts.
#839241619 250 Erstdruck = ‡b First edition, Partitur und Stimmen

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe, in 250 ‡b, all parallel statements of responsibility relating to the edition.

Any subsequent designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

If there is no corresponding parallel designation of edition, take parallel statements of responsibility relating to the edition from the same source as the designation of edition (2.5.2.2).

Examples:
2012563233 250 Piano-vocal score / ‡b piano reduction by Robert Meikle.
2012564402 250 Klavierauszug / ‡b von A.E. Müller.
2011568363 250 Klavier-Auszug / ‡b von F. Wollank

In case of doubt about whether a statement of responsibility applies to all editions or only to some, or if there is no designation of edition, record such a statement as a statement of responsibility relating to title proper (2.4.2 [167]).

When describing the first edition, record all statements of responsibility as statements of responsibility relating to title proper (2.4.2 [167]).

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe, in 250 ‡b, all statements of responsibility relating to the edition.

Any subsequent designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

If there is more than one parallel statement of responsibility relating to the edition, record the statements in the same order as the parallel designations of edition to which they correspond; if that is not applicable, record them in the order found on the resource.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe, in 250 ‡b, all parallel statements of responsibility relating to the edition.

Any subsequent designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

Do not record statements relating to a reissue of an edition that contains no changes unless the resource is considered to be of particular importance to the agency preparing the description.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe all designations of named revision of edition, in 250 ‡a or ‡b, as applicable.

Separate multiple designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. in 250 by a comma.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe, in 250 ‡b, all parallel designations of edition.

Any subsequent designations of edition, designations of named revision of edition, etc. should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

If there is no corresponding parallel designation of a named revision of an edition, take parallel statements of responsibility relating to a named revision of an edition from the same source as the designation of a named revision of an edition (2.5.6.2).

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe all statements of responsibility relating to a named revision of edition, in 250 ‡b.

Any subsequent statement of responsibility relating to a named revision of an edition should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

If there is more than one parallel statement of responsibility relating to a named revision of an edition, record the statements in the same order as the parallel designations of a named revision of an edition to which they correspond.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe all parallel statements of responsibility relating to a named revision of edition, in 250 ‡b.

Note that any subsequent statement of responsibility relating to a named revision of an edition should follow a comma in ‡b (250 ‡a and ‡b are not repeatable).

Guidelines specific to names of persons:
A.2.3: Words or phrases characterizing persons:
     ° Capitalize a word, or the substantive words in a phrase characterizing a person and used as a name.
     ° Capitalize proper names contained in such a phrase applying the guidelines given under A.10–A.55, as applicable to the language involved.
     ° Capitalize a quoted title within a personal name as instructed under A.4.

A.2.4: Other terms associated with names of persons:
     ° Capitalize titles and other terms treated as an integral part of the name of a person or associated with the name applying the guidelines given under A.10–A.55, as applicable to the language involved.
     ° Capitalize the first word and any proper names in other designations associated with a person in terms indicating field of activity and in terms indicating occupation or profession.

A.10: Capitalization: English language:
     ° Where a guideline prescribes the capitalization of the name of a person, understand this to mean that each separate word or initial is to be capitalized excepting articles, prepositions, and conjunctions.
     ° Capitalize a plural generic term when it precedes the distinctive nouns in two or more proper names. Do not capitalize the generic term when it follows the nouns.

If the application of the instructions on capitalization in appendix A requires the addition of accents and other diacritical marks to lower case letters in order to reflect standard usage for the language in which the data is recorded, add accents and other diacritical marks accordingly.

When recording numbers expressed as numerals or as words in a transcribed element, transcribe them in the form in which they appear on the source of information, applying the general guidelines on transcription in 1.7 [4], as applicable.

Alternatives:
1st: Record numerals in the form in which they appear on the source of information.
     LC practice for 1st Alternative: Apply the alternative.
          Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS for 1st alternative.
               ° Note: this may result in a different form of numeral in a series transcription (490) and its corresponding access point (8XX).

Example:
490 _1 Documenta musicologica. Zweite Reihe : Handschriften-Faksimiles ; ‡v Band XLIII
830 _0 Documenta musicologica. ‡n 2. Reihe, ‡p Handschriften-Faksimiles ; ‡v Bd. 43.

2nd: Record the numerals in the form in which they appear on the source. Add the equivalent numerals in the form preferred by the agency creating the data, indicating that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].
     LC practice for 2nd Alternative: Do not apply the alternative.

When recording ordinal numerals (expressed either as numerals or as words) taken from a source in a language other than English, Chinese, Japanese, or Korean, record them as numerals, following the usage of the language if ascertainable:
     French: 1er, 1re, 2e, 3e, etc.
     German: 1., 2., 3., etc.
     Italian: 1o, 1a, 2o, 2a, 3o, 3a, etc.

If the usage of a language cannot be ascertained, use the form 1., 2., 3., etc.

Apply the instructions in 1.9.2 below when recording a supplied date of production (2.7.6.6), publication (2.8.6.6), distribution (2.9.6.6), or manufacture (2.10.6.6) [170].

Yes
Yes

Yes when proper names

Record a date associated with a person by giving the year or years in terms of the calendar preferred by the agency creating the data.
° LC practice/PCC practice: Record dates in terms of the Gregorian calendar.
     Example:
          born November 28 (December 10), 1821, died December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878)
               Julian calendar dates precede the Gregorian calendar dates, which are in parentheses
               record the Gregorian dates: 1821-1878

Exception: If two or more persons have the same name and are born in the same year, see 9.3.2.3 for instructions on recording their dates of birth.

Record dates as separate elements, as parts of access points, or as both.
     ° See Date of birth and/or death [93] (9.19.13) and Period of activity [171] (9.19.1.5) for additional instructions on recording dates as parts of authorized access points

Exceptions:
° Title of nobility: Add a title of nobility only if the title or part of the title commonly appears with the name in resources associated with the person or in reference sources.
     ° Disregard reference sources dealing with the nobility.
     ° In case of doubt, add the title.
° Saint: Do not add Saint to an access point representing a pope or an emperor, empress, king, or queen.

If the person was born in the same year as another person with the same name, record the date of birth in the form [year] [month] [day].
     ° Record the month in a language and script preferred by the agency creating the data.

LC practice/PCC practice for recording date of birth:
     ° Record the month in English.
     ° Use a hyphen after date of birth when recording the date in an authorized access point.
     ° Do not use the term "born" with the date.

LC practice/PCC practice for recording date of death:
     ° Use a hyphen before the date of death when recording the date in an authorized access point.
     ° Do not use the term "died" with the date.

If it is not possible to establish specific years of activity, record the century or centuries in which the person was active.

LC practice/PCC practice:
     ° Use "active" and "century" rather than the abbreviations "fl." and "cent."
     ° The term "active" should appear before the first period of activity date (e.g., "active 12th century")

The most common instances occur when the preferred name contains initials and the spelled out form is known.
Less common instances occur when known given names, surnames, or initials are not chosen as part of the preferred name.

Record fuller forms of names as separate elements, as parts of access points, or as both.
     ° See Fuller form of name [173] (9.19.1.4) for additional instructions on recording a fuller form of the name as part of the authorized access point.

Variant names: Record the name in its fuller form as a variant name [141] (9.2.3.10), when appropriate.

Record other designations associated with the person as separate elements, as parts of access points, or as both.
     ° See Title or other designation associated with the person [172] (9.19.1.2) for additional instructions on recording a designation as part of the authorized access points.

Record gender as a separate element.
Gender is not recorded as part of an access point.

Record the place of birth and place of death as separate elements.
Place of birth and place of death are not recorded as part of an access point.

Record a country and a place of residence as separate elements.
Country associated with the person and place of residence are not recorded as part of an access point.

Record an address as a separate element.
Address is not recorded as part of an access point.

Record an affiliation as a separate element.
Affiliation is not recorded as part of an access point.

Record a language used by the person as a separate element.
Language is not recorded as part of an access point.

Record a field of activity of the person as a separate element.
Field of activity is not recorded as part of an access point.

Record professions or occupations as separate elements, as parts of access points, or as both.
     ° See Profession or occupation [174] (9.19.1.4) for additional instructions on recording recording a profession or occupation as part of the authorized access point.

Record biographical information as a separate element.
Biographical information is not recorded as part of an access point.

Other title information includes:

• ° any phrase appearing with a title proper that is indicative of the character, contents, etc., of the resource or the motives for, or occasion of, its production, publication, etc.
• ° Other title information includes subtitles, avant-titres, etc., but does not include variations on the title proper such as spine titles, sleeve titles, etc. (2.3.6 [17]) or designations and/or names of parts, sections, or supplements (2.3.1.7 [175])

If there is no corresponding parallel title proper, take parallel other title information from the same source as the title proper 2.3.2.2) [163]

If more than one element of other title information is being recorded, record the elements in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the elements on the source of information.

If an original title appears on the same source of information as the title proper, and it is in the same language as the title proper, record it as other title information.

LC-PCC PS: LC practice/PCC practice: When there is a section title (2.3.1.7 [175]), give other title information that is appropriate only for the title of the larger resource in a note.
Best practices for music cataloging [39]: Follow LC-PCC PS. That is, routinely transcribe other title information appearing in the same source as the title proper.

Give subtitles, alternative titles, etc., appearing on other sources (e.g., cover, caption, container, spine of an audio carrier) if deemed useful for identification and access. Since other title information as defined in RDA can only be transcribed from the same source as the title proper, record such subtitles as variant titles (per 2.3.6 [17]) in 246 13/‡i, or other indicator values according to local practice, as appropriate.

If there are no parallel titles proper, and if other title information appears in one or more languages or scripts that are different from that of the title proper, record the other title information that appears first as other title information (2.3.4.4) and record the other title information in other languages as parallel other title information.

Best practices for music cataloging [39]: If feasible, transcribe all parallel other title information. See D.1.2.2 for guidance on recording parallel data in the 245 field, using ISBD presentation.

Other title information:
2012564415
     245 10 Tracking inland : ‡b (2001) : flute, clarinet/bass clarinet, harp, string quartet
2013560414
     245 10 Above and beyond : ‡b for wind ensemble : 2012
2013465273
     245 10 Chiemsee-Quintett : ‡b für Holzbläser, 2011/2012
2013560386
     245 10 Night songs : ‡b op. 22, for high voice and piano
2013560387
     245 10 Not worth : ‡b for voice, two bass clarinets, viola, cello, bass
2012564366
     245 10 The promise of the far horizon : ‡b string quartet
2013560319
     245 10 Raíces = ‡b ("Roots") : concerto suite for orchestra

Parallel other title information
2011560796
     245 10 Jazz sonata : ‡b for violoncello and piano = für Violoncello und Klavier
2010562595
     245 10 Suita giocosa : ‡b for woodwind quintet = pro dechové kvinteto
2012562531
     245 10 To a wild rose : ‡b from "Woodland sketches" : for 4 violoncellos = aus "Amerikanische Wald-Idyllen" : für 4 Violoncelli

Examples of recording multiple instances of parallel other title information data using ISBD in MARC
taken and edited from Supplements to Best practices for music cataloging using RDA and MARC21 [178] version 1.21 August 11, 2015

On resource:
     LYRISCHE SUITE LYRIC SUITE / SUITE LYRIQUE für Streichquartett for String Quartet / pour Quatuor à Cordes
ISBD in MARC 245:
     245 10 Lyrische Suite : ‡b für Streichquartett = Lyric suite : for string quartet = Suite lyrique : pour quatuor à cordes
Explanation:
     When more than one element within a single area is recorded in two or more languages, the elements in the same language are given together using appropriate preceding punctuation for each element within that language. Subsequent language groups are preceded by an equal sign preceded and followed by a space.

On resource:
     Konzert in C Für Klavier, Violine, Violoncello und Orchester >>Tripelkonzert<< Concerto in C major For piano, violin, cello and orchestra >>Triple Concerto<< op. 56
ISBD in MARC 245:
     245 10 Konzert in C für Klavier, Violine, Violoncello und Orchester op. 56 : ‡b Tripelkonzert = Concerto in C major for piano, violin, cello and orchestra : Triple concerto
Explanation:
     The medium of performance, key, and number are considered to be part of the title proper because the title is a type of composition (2.3.2.8.1 [179]. Since "op. 56" is linguistically neutral, it has been included as part of the title proper. When more than one element within a single area is recorded in two or more languages, the elements in the same language are given together using appropriate preceding punctuation for each element within that language. Subsequent language groups are preceded by an equal sign preceded and followed by a space. This justifies the presentation of the all the German titles together, followed by the English titles.

On resource:
     Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein On Jesus Christ's ascent on high BWV 128
     Kantate zum Fest Christi Himmelfahrt
     für Soli (ATB), Chor (SATB) 2 Oboen, Obeo d'amore, Oboe da caccia, Trompete, 2 Hörner 2 Violinen, Viola und Basso continuo
     Cantata for Ascension Day
     for soli (ATB), choir (SATB) 2 oboes, oboe d'amore, oboe da caccia, trumpet, 2 horns 2 violins, viola and basso continuo
ISBD in MARC 245:
     245 10 Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein = ‡b On Jesus Christ's ascent on high : BWV 128 : Kantate zum Fest Christi Himmelfahrt für Soli (ATB), Chor (SATB), 2 Oboen, Oboe d'amore, Oboe da caccia, Trompete, 2 Hörner, 2 Violinen, Viola und Basso continuo = cantata for Ascension Day for soli (ATB), choir (SATB), 2 oboes, oboe d'amore, oboe da caccia, trumpet, 2 horns, 2 violins, viola and basso continuo

Explanation:
     In general, ISBD favors that languages are grouped together when there is parallel data across elements within the same area. It would be possible to group the German language elements of the title proper and other title information together, followed by the English titles. However the presence of "BWV 128" presents a problem since it has no parallel form. Should it follow after all the parallel title statements, but before the statement of responsibility or should it be given after the parallel title proper, but before the other title information in German, which would then be followed by the other title information in English? ISBD does not provide an answer for this situation. 2.3.4.3 [180] says that "if more than one element of other title information is recorded, it should be recorded in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the elements on the source of information." This provides enough justification to place "Kantate zum Fest Christi Himmelfahrt für Soli (ATB), Chor (SATB), 2 Oboen, Oboe d'amore, Oboe da caccia, Trompete, 2 Hörner, 2 Violinen, Viola und Basso continuo" directly after "BWV 128," thus separating the presentation of the title proper and parallel title proper from the other title and other parallel title information.

The parallel title proper includes:

• ° an alternative title in another language and/or script is treated as part of the parallel title proper
• ° an original title in a language different from that of the title proper that is presented as the equivalent of the title proper

If an original title in a language different from that of the title proper is presented as an equivalent to the title proper, record it as a parallel title proper.
Examples:
2013560319
     245 10 Raíces = ‡b ("Roots")
2012564395
     245 10 Centenary song album = ‡b Jubiläumus-Liederalbum
2012563437
     245 10 Ah che la morte ognora = ‡b Ah I have sighed to rest me
2012396912
     245 10 Koncert pro violu a orchestr = ‡b Konzert für Viola und Orchester = Concerto for viola and orchestra
2010562251
     245 10 Melodie für Flföte, Oboe, Klarinette, Horn und Fagott = ‡b Melody for flute, oboe, clarinet, French horn and bassoon
2011568270
     245 10 Sonate za violinu i orgulje = ‡b Sonate pour violon et orgue
2012564397
     245 10 Barcarolle Fis-Dur, Opus 60 = ‡b Barcarolle in F# major, op. 60
          Note: on the resource "Opus" is spelled out in the German; it appears as an abbreviation in the English parallel title
2010562251
     245 10 Melodie für Flöte, Oboe, Klarinette, Horn und Fagott = ‡b Melody for flute, oboe, clarinet, French horn and bassoon

If a parallel title proper is taken from a different source than the title proper, and that fact is considered important, make a note on the source (2.20.2.3)

Best practices for music cataloging [39]:
If feasible, record all parallel titles proper appearing on the preferred source.
     Optionally, record parallel titles appearing elsewhere in the item.
Parallel titles from any source in the item may be transcribed in 245/‡b or ‡c, without square brackets.
Record the form in which the title appears on the source of information as a variant title if it is considered to be important for identification or access Parallel titles should also be recorded as variant titles (in the 246 field) to ensure proper indexing.

When a parallel title is taken from outside the preferred source and included in 246 (in addition to 245/‡b or ‡c), apply 2.20.2.3 (Note on title source) by including a note or or an introductory phrase in the 246/‡i.

Alternatively, parallel titles from outside the preferred source may be recorded only in 246 1_ with an introductory phrase in 246/‡$i.
Examples:
2012572074
     246 1_ ‡i Parallel title on caption: ‡a Ninnerella
2012564279
     246 1_ ‡i Parallel title in caption: ‡a Jin jiang ba jing

This approach may be preferable when multiple parallel titles appear in different sources, and therefore the second paragraph at 2.3.3.3 is difficult to apply

If the source of information includes statements of medium of performance, key, date of composition, and/or number that are treated as part of the title proper (2.3.2.8.1 [181]) in more than one language or script, record such statements in the order in which they appear on the source of information as part of the parallel title proper.

Examples:
OCLC #808842294
     245 10 Sonatina for violoncello and piano, C minor = ‡b für Violoncello und Klavier, c-Moll = ut mineur
OCLC #793653629
     245 10 Sonate für Flöte, Violine und konzertierendes Cembalo (Klavier), C-Dur = ‡b for flute, violin and obbligato harpsichord (piano), C major
OCLC #779254288
     245 10 Rêverie : ‡b für Violoncello und Klavier, g-Moll, opus 92/2 = for violoncello and piano, G minor = sol mineur

Example of recording parallel other title proper information data using ISBD in MARC
taken and edited from Supplements to Best practices for music cataloging using RDA and MARC21 [178] version 1.21 August 11, 2015
Some but not all of the key is in another language and the key is part of the title proper:
On resource:
     OCTET For 4 Violins, 2 Violas and 2 Violoncellos E♭ major/Es-Dur/Mi♭ majeur Op. 20
ISBD in MARC 245:
     245 10 Octet for 4 violins, 2 violas and 2 violoncellos E♭ major op. 20 = $b Es-Dur = mi♭ majeur
Explanation:
     The medium of performance, key, and number are considered to be part of the title proper because the title is a type of composition (2.3.2.8.1 [179]). Since "Op. 20" is linguistically neutral, it has been included as part of the title proper, even though it appears at the end of the title on the resource. For the parallel title proper, 2.3.3.4 [182] applies since a statement of medium of performance, key, date of composition, and/or number is being treated as part of the title proper and the statement is in more than one language. Even though just the key is in multiple languages, it can be considered as a parallel title proper.

Best practices for music cataloging [184]: If transcribing a distribution statement separately from a publication statement, record it in 264 [183] _2. It is usually not necessary to record a separate date of distribution if date of publication and copyright are already recorded. When in doubt as to whether a person, family or corporate body is functioning as publisher or distributor, transcribe the name as a publisher's name.

LC-PCC PS: (2.10) LC practice: If manufacture data elements are being given in lieu of missing publication and missing distribution elements, give a complete manufacture statement.
Best practices for music cataloging [184]: Follow LC-PCC PS
Record place of manufacture in 264 [183] _3 ‡a or 260 ‡e.

Examples:
2013560372 New York, NY
2011922634 New York, New York
2011564848 N.Y.C.
2012564238 Boston, Massachusetts
2012560046 Bryan, Tx
2011567284 Woodstock, IL
2013560454 Corvallis, OR, USA
2013561038 Asbury Park, NJ, USA
2013560449 Lake Forest, Illinois, U.S.A.
2011568265 Oxford, England

Optional additions: Include the full address as part of the local place name if it is considered to be important for identification or access.
Supply the name of the larger jurisdiction (state, province, etc., and/or country) as part of the local place name if it is considered to be important for identification or access. Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself.

Include any preposition appearing with the place name that is required to make sense of the statement.
If the place name as transcribed is known to be fictitious, or requires clarification, make a note giving the actual place name, etc.

Examples:
2011477410 Kassel ; ‡a Basel ; ‡a London ; ‡a New York ; ‡a Praha
2011568072 Mainz ; ‡a London ; ‡a Berlin ; ‡a Madrid ; ‡a New York ; ‡a Paris ; ‡a Prague ; ‡a Tokyo ; ‡a Toronto

If there are two or more producers, publishers, distributors, or manufacturers, and two or more places associated with one or more of them, record the place names associated with each producer, publisher, distributor, or manufacturer in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the place names on the source of information.

Note that according to D1.2.1, "when adjacent elements within one area are to be enclosed in square brackets, enclose each in its own set of square brackets."

Examples:
2011568079 [Place of publication not identified]
2012562168 London : ‡b Boosey & Hawkes ; ‡a [Place of distribution not identified]

LC-PCC PS: (2.8.2.6) LC practice/PCC practice: Supply a probable place of publication if possible rather than give "[Place of publication not identified]."
Best practices for music cataloging [184]: Follow LC-PCC PS. Interpret "if possible" to mean "if feasible."

Examples:
2013560266 [New York]
2012560043 [King of Prussia, Pennsylvania]
2010619286 [San Juan, Puerto Rico]
2012564320 [Mallorca, Spain]

If only the local place name is supplied, follow it with a question mark. If the name of the larger jurisdiction is included, and the place of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture is known to be within that jurisdiction, but the locality within that jurisdiction is uncertain, add a question mark following the name of the probable local place. Otherwise, add a question mark following the name of the larger jurisdiction.

Example:
2012564321 [Mallorca, Spain?]

Example:
2012563872 [United States]

Example:
2012564297 [United States?]

If there is more than one parallel place of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture, record the names in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the names on the source or sources of information.

If the name as transcribed is known to be fictitious, or requires clarification, make a note giving the actual name, etc. (2.20.7.3).

Best practices for music cataloging [184]: 2.10.4. Manufacturer's name: Record manufacturer's name in 264 [183] _2 ‡b or 260 ‡f.

Examples:
Publisher:
2012439060 L'Harmattan
2011568088 Neil A. Kjos Music Company
2012563886 Dan Coleman/Crowded Air Music (BMI)
2012564342 M. Witmark & Sons
2012562555 Merion Music : ‡b Theodore Presser Company, sole representative
2012562026 Published by Irma Von Lackey
2013560449 Tropp Music Editions, LLC
2012571074 Chez Mme. Lemoine & Cie
2012560036 chez Adolphe Martin Schlesinger
#785504701 Amadeus Verlag : ‡b Bernhard Päuler
The abbreviations appear on the resource:
2012560206 The George M. Krey Co.
2012563237 Associated Music Publishers, Inc.
2013560414 JSGS Publishing
2013560320 G. Schirmer, Inc.
Distributor:
2012562449 Exclusively distributed by Hal Leonard Corporation
2013560322 Administered exclusively by G. Schirmer, Inc.
#827561203 Maryland Heights, MO : ‡b Exclusively distributed by Keiser Classical ; ‡a Milwaukee, WI : ‡b Exclusively distributed by Hal Leonard Corporation.
Manufacturer:
2012563742 Printed by Osiris Publication

Best practices for music cataloging [184]: 2.8.4.4. Publisher's name, statement of function: Generally do not apply the optional addition.

Note that according to D1.2.1, "when adjacent elements within one area are to be enclosed in square brackets, enclose each in its own set of square brackets."

Best practices for music cataloging [184]: If transcribing a separate distributor statement in 264 [183] _2, record "[publisher not identified]" in 264 [183] _2 ‡b or 260 ‡b. If not transcribing a separate distributor statement in 264 [183] _2, and it is believed the distributor is also the publisher, transcribe the distributor name in square brackets in 264 [183] _1 ‡b or 260 ‡b.

If there is more than one parallel producer's, publisher's, distributor's, or manufacturer's name, record the names in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the names on the source or sources of information.

Date of manufacture is a core element for a resource in a published form if neither the date of publication, the date of distribution, nor the copyright date is identified.

Example:
2012563758 2011

If the date as it appears in the resource is not of the Gregorian or Julian calendar, add the corresponding date or dates of the Gregorian or Julian calendar. Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].
If the date as it appears in the resource is known to be fictitious or incorrect, make a note giving the actual date (2.20.6.3).

Optional addition:
Add the date in numerals (in the script and calendar preferred by the agency preparing the description). Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].
Alternative:
In place of the chronogram, record a supplied date in numerals (in the script and calendar preferred by the agency preparing the description). Indicate that the information was taken from a source outside the resource itself as instructed under 2.2.4 [158].
Make a note giving the chronogram if it is considered to be important for identification (2.20.6.3, 2.20.7.3, 2.20.8.3, 2.20.9.3).

If production, publication, distribution, or manufacture of the resource has ceased or is complete and the first and last issues, parts, or iterations are available, record the dates of production of those issues, parts, or iterations, separated by a hyphen.

If production, publication, distribution, or manufacture of the resource has ceased or is complete and the last issue, part, or iteration is available, but not the first, record the production date of the last issue, part, or iteration, preceded by a hyphen.

If the date of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture is the same for all issues, parts, or iterations, record only that date as the single date.

If the first and/or last issue, part, or iteration of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture is not available, supply an approximate date or dates applying the instructions given under 2.7.6.6, 2.8.6.6, 2.9.6.6, or 2.10.6.6.

If the date or dates of publication, distribution, or manufacture cannot be approximated, do not record a date of publication, distribution, or manufacture.

Note that according to D1.2.1, "when adjacent elements within one area are to be enclosed in square brackets, enclose each in its own set of square brackets."

Examples:
2012564266 [1995?]
2013561035 [not after 2004]
2012560221 [not before 1772]
2013560310 [between 1995 and 2012]
2012564398 [January 2004]

If the date or an approximate date of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture for a single-part resource cannot reasonably be determined, record date of production not identified, date of publication not identified, date of distribution not identified, or date of manufacture not identified.

Best practices for music cataloging [184]: 2.8.6.6: Follow LC-PCC PS. Note that copyright date (whether © or ) is a separate element in RDA. It may be used to infer a publication date, but may not "stand in" as one. Give such inferred dates in square brackets. Routinely give copyright date separately, even if it is the same as the stated or inferred publication date. Give both dates in 260/264 [183] ‡c. See 2.11 for guidelines on selecting and recording copyright dates.