Music Cataloging at Yale ♪ Subject cataloging
See also: Subject headings for instrumental music and vocal music | Coding for form and topic subdivisions
Subdivisions may bring out topical, geographic, chronological, or form aspects.
° Musical presentation and medium of performance subdivisions
° Other subdivisions for musical works
° Subdivisions used for musical compositions under headings for musical instruments
° Other qualifiers and subdivisions for instrumental music (Arranged, Instrumental settings)
° Chronological subdivisions
° Geographical subdivision of music form/genre headings
° Subdivisions frequently used in subject headings for personal names
° Qualifying by language of text
Musical presentation and medium of performance subdivisions:
The tables below include free-floating subdivisions for musical presentation and medium of performance subdivisions from lists 1 and 2 of H 1160, pattern headings for musical compositions. Not used under the general heading Music.
Note that a change in policy of February 2024 removed limitations previously in place on the application of sudvisions from list 1. Note: Yale Music Library practice is to follow the August 2020 version of H 1160.
| Written or printed format of music; Performed version (list 1 in H 1160) | |||
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‡v 2-harpsichord scores |
‡v Solo with organ1 |
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| 1 Use with instrumental music only. | |||
| ‡v Parts (solo): "Parts (solo)" is used for the solo part(s) in a concertante work. ‡v Scores and parts (solo) is used for the full score of a concertante work and the soloist's part only. |
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| ‡v Piano scores is used for arrangements for solo piano of works originally in a different medium of performance. This concept also applies to ‡v Piano scores (4 hands) (as opposed to the heading Piano music (4 hands), which is for original music for piano, 4 hands) and ‡v Organ scores. | |||
| ‡v 2- piano scores and ‡v Solo(s) with pianos (2) when used for works for solo instrument(s) and accompaniment of larger ensemble: Use "‡v 2-piano scores" when the solo instrument is one type of keyboard instrument and the accompaniment has been arranged for that same instrument: Concertos (Piano) ‡v 2-piano scores Passacaglias (Piano with orchestra) ‡v 2-piano scores Concertos (Harpsichord) ‡v 2-harpsichord scores However, when the solo instrument is one type of keyboard instrument, and the accompaniment is arranged for another type of keyboard instrument, use "‡v Solo(s) with ______ (2)" ‡v 2-piano scores, ‡v 2-harpsichord scores, ‡v 2-organ scores, etc., are also used in subject headings for large works such as operas, ballets, etc.: Ballets ‡v 2-organ scores Operas ‡v 2-piano scores. |
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Subdivisions for subject headings for vocal music when the accompaniment has been reduced or omitted: The accompaniment has been reduced for piano, organ, etc.: The accompaniment has been omitted: |
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| Other subdivisions for musical works (list 2 in H 1160) | |||
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‡v Cadenzas |
‡v Librettos |
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| 2 Use only under headings for form or type of composition. | |||
| ‡v Excerpts is used as a form subdivision under motion picture forms and genres and under forms and types of musical compositions, but not under headings for medium of performance. ‡v Excerpts, Arranged is used as a form subdivision under forms and types of musical compositions, but not under headings for medium of performance. |
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| ‡v Instructive editions vs. ‡v Teaching pieces: From Glossary and General Guidelines of Class M (Music): Instructive edition: "an edition of a work heavily annotated with textual instructions about how to practice and interpret various passages. Do not class as instructive editions those that merely contain standard interpretive markings, fingering, etc., whether the composer's own or subsequently added." Teaching piece: "a work composed principally for pedagogical purposes." |
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| Subdivisions used for musical compositions under headings for musical instruments: from Pattern headings: Musical instruments H 1161 For use under headings for individual instruments, including brands and models of instruments, and families of instruments. Not used under the general heading Musical instruments. |
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| ‡v Methods ‡v Methods ‡v Group instruction ‡v Methods ‡v Juvenile ‡v Methods ‡v Self-instructions ‡v Methods ([style of music])3 ‡v Methods ([style of music]) ‡v Group instruction 3 ‡v Methods ([style of music]) ‡v Self-instructions3 ‡v Orchestral excerpts ‡v Studies and exercises ‡v Studies and exercises ‡v Juvenile ‡v Studies and exercises ([style of music])3 |
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| 3 When using the subdivisions ‡v Methods or ‡v Studies and exercises qualified by a style of music, assign an additional heading for the style of music subdivided by ‡v Instruction and study.
See H1161 for the pattern headings with styles of music indicated. |
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Other qualifiers and subdivisions for instrumental music
Arranged: Subject Cataloging Manual section H 1160 prescribes the use of the qualifier "Arranged" for subject headings for instrumental music only. It is not added to headings for vocal music, such as songs and choruses. (For subject headings for arranged vocal works, see Subject headings for vocal music; Arrangements.) Add "Arranged" to a heading for the medium for which the piece has been arranged. However, the original medium of performance is used in the preferred title. These preferred title/subject heading combinations would be possible:
| Original medium = flutes; arranged medium = clarinets: | |
| preferred title | Trio, ‡m flutes (3), ‡r A major; ‡o arranged |
| subject heading | Woodwind trios (Clarinets (3)), Arranged. |
| Original medium = violin and orchestra; arranged medium = viola and orchestra: | |
| preferred title | Concertos, ‡m violin, orchestra, ‡n op. 61, ‡r D major; ‡o arranged |
| subject heading | Concertos (Viola), Arranged. |
| Original medium = chorus and orchestra; arranged medium = brass quintet: | |
| preferred title | Messiah. ‡p Hallelujah; ‡o arranged |
| subject heading | Brass quintets (Horn, trombone, trumpets (2), tuba), Arranged. |
‡v Instrumental settings: Use ‡v Instrumental settings after headings for vocal music that has been arranged for instruments:
| Original medium = voice; arranged medium = woodwind trio: | |
| Folk songs ‡v Instrumental settings. | Woodwind trios (Bassoon, flute, oboe), Arranged. |
| Original medium = voice, arranged medium = string quartet: | |
| Spirituals (Songs) ‡v Instrumental settings. | String quartets, Arranged. |
The following chronological subdivisions are valid for use with music form or genre subject headings or with subject headings for collections of Western art music by two or more composers devoted to a specific period or century:
| ‡y To 500 ‡y 500-1400 ‡y 15th century ‡y 16th century ‡y 17th century ‡y 18th century ‡y 19th century ‡y 20th century ‡y 21st century |
Note that ‡y To 1800 is not a valid subdivision, but once was. Note that ‡v Early works to 1800 is not a chronological subdivision, but a form/topical subdivision. Chronological subdivisions combining centuries, such as "‡y 15th-16th centuries," are not permitted |
These chronological subdivisions are not valid for use under form/genre headings for musical works:
° when the period or century is referred to only in a series statement
° for works by one composer
° for individual musical works
° in headings for folk or non-Western music
° following the subdivisions --Hymns; --Music; --Musical settings; and --Songs and music
See also Chronological subdivisions for popular music.
Geographical subdivision of music form/genre headings:
H 364 of the Subject Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings (SCM): Headings for musical form/genre and for medium of performance may be subdivided geographically, to be assigned according to the following guidelines:
- use geographic subdivisions for collections of musical works, including multipart items, series, single items from any of these types, and topical materials.
- use them only when geographic focus is stated or implied in the title or series title of the item being cataloged.
- use a geographic subdivision under the most specific heading that is applicable to all or most of the works in the collection.
- assign more specific headings that may also be appropriate without geographic subdivision.
Geographic subdivisions are not used:
- for collections of works by a single composer
- following the subdivisions --Hymns; --Music; --Musical settings; and --Songs and music.
Don't confuse place with language.
- Language follows the heading after a comma, and is in adjective form.
- Place follows the heading in subfield z, and the form of the name of the place must match the form found in the authority file.
correct: Songs, English ‡z United States incorrect: Songs, American.
Subdivisions frequently used in subject headings for personal names
| Subdivision | Instructions for use |
| ‡v Musical settings | use when a literary work has been set to music with no collaboration between composer and author. Do not include a ‡t with the title of the work that has been set to music. Songs and choruses frequently fall into this category. Make an added entry for the author as well. Opera librettists, who usually collaborated with the composer, are not assigned a subject heading.) |
| ‡v Songs and music | use when a non-dramatic composition (such as an oratorio) is about a person. |
| ‡v Drama | use when a dramatic composition (operas, ballets, etc.) is about a person. |
| ‡v Songs and music may also be used with topical subject headings: | |
| 650 0 Seasons ‡v Songs and music. 650 0 Robin Hood (Legendary character) ‡v Songs and music. |
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